With the fluctuation of the environmental factors, such as temperature, wind, and atmospheric pressure, the birefringence of a fiber changes along the fiber link and the effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) are random and time-varying, which makes it necessary to design a tunable and adaptive Fiber communication; Optical fiber; Fiber Bragg grating; Differential group delay; Dispersion ...

A necessary consequence of the nature of neural transmission systems is that as change in the physical state of a time-varying event takes place, delays produce error between the instantaneous registered state and the external state. Another source of delay is the transmission of internal motor commands to muscles and the inertia of the musculoskeletal system. How does the central nervous syste...

Abstract This work proposes a switched time delay control scheme based on neural networks for robots subjected to sensors faults. In this scheme, multilayer perceptron ( MLP ) artificial network ANN is introduced reproduce the same behavior of robot in case no The reproduction characteristic s allows instant detection any important sensor order compensate effects these faults robot’s behavior, ...

ELECT A novel implementation is proposed to relax the specifications of the internal feedback path for a continuous-time delta–sigma modulator. A truncator is embedded into the digital excess loop delay (ELD) compensation path. Thermometer-coded truncation is achieved by reordering the reference voltages of the internal quantiser. This requires only a small amount of extra digital circuitry com...

This paper addresses synchronization control and the associated practical issues for the class of interconnected systems with time delay. We consider uncertainty in the plant model as a disturbance, and to cope with it, a disturbance compensation scheme – the socalled disturbance observer – is presented. We examine the performance of the compensation scheme and its effect to overall stability. ...