INTRODUCTION The great development and diffusion of Liquid Assisted Ventilation (LAV) techniques (perfluorocarbon (PFC) lavage, Tidal Liquid Ventilation (TLV), and Partial Liquid Ventilation (PLV)) [1] is mainly due to the benefits they provide to patients with respect to other methods of ventilatory support. Such benefits derive from eliminating the liquid-gas interface in the alveoli. In fact...

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Clinical, Doppler, and outcome data were prospectively collected on 639 patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) in 2 Canadian centers (1). Compared with normal flow patients, 52.3% had low flow (stroke volume index <35 ml/m) and had increased 30-day all-cause mortality (11.4% vs. 5.9...

BACKGROUND Positive-pressure mechanical ventilation is an essential therapeutic intervention, yet it causes the clinical syndrome known as ventilator-induced lung injury. Various lung protective mechanical ventilation strategies have attempted to reduce or prevent ventilator-induced lung injury but few modalities have proven effective. A model that isolates the contribution of mechanical ventil...

We examined ventilation and metabolism in four rat strains with variation in traits for body weight and/or blood pressure regulation. Sprague-Dawley [SD; 8 males (M), 8 females (F)], Brown Norway (BN; 10 M, 11 F), and Zucker (Z; 11 M, 12 F) rats were compared with Koletsky (K; 11 M, 11 F) rats. With the use of noninvasive plethysmography, frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation (VE), O2 con...

OBJECTIVE We investigated how ventilation with low tidal volumes affects the pharmacokinetics of sevoflurane uptake during the first minutes of inhaled anaesthesia. METHODS Forty-eight patients scheduled for lung resection were randomly assigned to three groups. Patients in group 1, 2 and 3 received 3% sevoflurane for 3 min via face mask and controlled ventilation with a tidal volume of 2.2, ...

Traditional mechanical ventilation is provided with either a constant volume or constant pressure breath. In recent years, dual-control (adaptive pressure control) has been introduced in an attempt to combine the attributes of volume ventilation (constant tidal volume and minute ventilation) with the attributes of pressure ventilation (rapid, variable flow and reduced work of breathing). Adapti...

The importance of asymmetric tidal cycles in the transport and accumulation of sediment in shallow well-mixed estuaries is well establishe!;L .Along the U.S. Atlantic Coast, tidal amplitude, bottom friction, and system geometry determine tidal distortion as documented at 54 tide gauges in 26 tidally dominated estuaries of varying geometry having negligible freshwater inflow. Analyses of sea-sur...

BACKGROUND High tidal volumes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury lead to ventilator-induced lung injury and increased mortality. We evaluated the impact of tidal volumes on cardiac surgery outcomes. METHODS We examined prospectively recorded data from 3,434 consecutive adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Three groups of patients were defined b...

Ventilatory parameters of mute swans were measured at thermoneutral conditions and during heat stress. Deep body temperature increased from 39.5 to 41.1 degrees C. Breathing frequency increased 29 times, compared to the thermoneutral condition. Tidal volume decreased to 18% of the pre-panting value, and the total ventilatory volume increased by 5.4 times. End-tidal PCO2 and PO2 values decreased...

BACKGROUND In the knee, high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has demonstrated that increased apparent bone volume fraction (trabecular bone volume per total volume; BV/TV) in the peri-articular proximal medial tibia is associated with joint space narrowing and the presence of bone marrow lesions. However, despite evidence of construct validity, MR-based apparent BV/TV has not yet bee...