In this final part of our study [Fagherazzi et al., this issue; Rinaldo et al., this issue] we propose a simple model for predicting the local peak ebb and flood discharges throughout a tidal network and use this model to investigate scaling relationships between channel morphology and discharge in the Venice Lagoon. The model assumes that the peak flows are driven by spring (astronomical) tida...

Severe airflow obstruction is a common cause of acute respiratory failure. Dynamic hyperinflation affects tidal ventilation, increases airways resistance, and causes intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP). Most patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have dynamic hyperinflation and auto-PEEP during mechanical ventilation, which can cause hemodynamic compro...

The aim of this study was to compare exhaled nitric oxide concentrations obtained during controlled slow exhalation, presently considered as the method of choice, with two sampling methods that are easily performed by children: blowing air into a balloon and tidal breathing through a mouthpiece. One hundred and one well controlled, stable allergic asthmatic children (median age 11.7 yrs) perfor...

1. Tidal pressure/volume and flow/volume respiratory loops were constructed from records obtained during 98 studies on 48 neonates of various ages and gestations. Records were obtained with a total body plethysmograph and an oesophageal balloon. Total pulmonary resistance was computed at five separate levels in the breathing cycle and results were expressed graphically as tidal resistance profi...

An adaptive method is developed to control the end-tidal isoflurane concentration using a low-flow method. The isoflurane concentration is calculated based on measurements of the end-tidal isoflurane concentration and mean arterial pressure (MAP) using a modelbased multivariable GPC algorithm. The control design allows explicit handling of input and output constrains, accommodates model uncerta...

The aim of this position paper is to provide recommendations pertaining to software and equipment requirements when analysing tidal breathing measurements in infants. These guidelines cover numerous aspects including terminology and definitions, equipment, data acquisition and analysis, and reporting of results, and highlight areas in which further research is needed before consensus can be rea...

The adjustment of estuarine circulation and density to changes in river flow and tidal mixing is investigated using analytical and numerical models. Tidally averaged momentum and salinity equations in a rectangular estuary are vertically averaged over two levels, resulting in equations that are analytically tractable while retaining a broad range of time-dependent behavior. It is found that bot...

Independent of airway pressure, pulmonary resistance is known to fall with increasing tidal volumes, traditionally thought to result from radial traction on the airways. R. C. Anafi and T. A. Wilson (J Appl Physiol 91: 1185-1192, 2001) recently presented a model of a single terminal airway that explains the tidal volume-associated fall in resistance with an additional mechanism pertinent to nar...

PURPOSE Differences in tidal breathing patterns have been reported between patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy individuals using traditional measurement techniques. This feasibility study examined whether structured light plethysmography (SLP) - a noncontact, light-based technique - could also detect differences in tidal breathing patterns between patients wit...