In addition, a recent study by Di Cosmo et al suggested a putative role of MCT8 in thyroid hormone secretion. Thyroid hormones are released across the basolateral membrane of thyroid follicular cells, adjacent to the capillary bed. MCT8 immunohistochemical localization at the basolateral membrane of thyrocytes and the impairment in the efflux of T4 from the thyroid gland in MCT8KO mice implies ...

Physiological production of thyroid hormone requires an intact hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis and involves thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, or thyrotropin) released from the anterior pituitary gland. TSH stimulates thyroid follicular cells to synthesize, store and release the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) [1]. Chemical laboratory testing of thyroid functi...

Although viral infection has been suspected as the cause of some thyroid disorders, there has been limited data to support this contention seriously. Now we report the first evidence that lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus can persist in the thyroid gland, particularly thyroid epithelial cells in which thyroglobulin (Tg) the precursor of thyroid hormone, is synthesized. Concomitant with the inf...

Thyroid gland is an essential endocrine that present in the human body. This review highlights production, regulation and disease conditions of thyroid hormones. The controlled with help hypothalamus pituitary brain. production hormones involves five main steps such synthesis thyroglobulin (TG), iodide uptake, iodination thyroglobulin, storage release. two important produced by are Thyroxine (T...

Plasma fibronectin concentrations up to 85 mg/100 ml were found in hyperthyroid patients. There was a significant correlation between free thyroxine index and plasma fibronectin values. Hypothyroid patients had low to normal fibronectin concentrations. Parallel decreases of thyroid hormones and plasma fibronectin concentrations were noted during treatment with thiamazole. A direct effect of thy...

In rats, various growth factors and hormones, as well as partial hepatectomy (PH) are able to trigger the proliferative response of hepatocytes. Although recent evidence highlights the important role of thyroid hormones and thyroid status in regulating the growth of liver cells in vitro and in vivo models, the mechanism involved in the pro-proliferative effects of thyroid hormones is still uncl...

Background: This study examined how prolonged, exhaustive exercise affects: (1) thyroid hormones, and (2) the interrelationship of cortisol and prolactin responses to such exercise on thyroid hormones. Material and methods: Male subjects performed a treadmill run at their individual ventilatory threshold until exhaustion. Blood samples were taken before exercise at rest, baseline (BL), at exhau...

Thyroid hormones (THs) are produced by the thyroid gland and converted in peripheral organs by deiodinases. THs regulate cell functions through two distinct mechanisms: genomic (nuclear) and nongenomic (non-nuclear). Many TH effects are mediated by the genomic pathway--a mechanism that requires TH activation of nuclear thyroid hormone receptors. The overall nongenomic processes, emerging as imp...

Obesity is associated with several metabolic and endocrine disorders; and changes in plasma concentrations, secretion patterns, and clearance of various hormones are observed in obese patients. In this context, recent research has shown that overweight can influence the function of the thyroid gland, usually leading to increased thyrotropin concentrations and changes in the ratio between the ho...