Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm is a stochastic search technique, which has exhibited good performance across a wide range of applications. However, very often for multimodal problems involving high dimensions, the algorithm tends to suffer from premature convergence. Analysis of the behaviour of the particle swarm model reveals that such premature convergence is mainly due to the d...

BACKGROUND When healthy subjects track a moving target, "catch-up" saccades are triggered to compensate for the non-perfect tracking gain. The evaluation of the pursuit and/or saccade kinematics requires that saccade and pursuit components be separated from the eye movement trace. A similar situation occurs when analyzes eye movements of patients that could contain eye drifts between saccades. ...

In landscape ecology, substantial theoretical progress has been made in understanding how critical threshold levels of habitat loss may result in sudden changes in landscape connectivity to animal movement. Empirical evidence for such thresholds in real systems, however, remains scarce. Streambed landscapes provide a strong testing ground for studying critical thresholds because organisms are f...

We studied the variation of photoresponsivity in multi-layer MoS2 phototransistors as the applied bias changes. The photoresponse gain is attained when the photogenerated holes trapped in the MoS2 attract electrons from the source. Thus, the photoresponsivity can be controlled by the gate or drain bias. When the gate bias is below the threshold voltage, a small amount of electrons are diffused ...

Spatial magnitude and phase profiles for inner hair cell (IHC) depolarization throughout the chinchilla cochlea were inferred from responses of auditory-nerve fibers (ANFs) to threshold- and moderate-level tones and tone complexes. Firing-rate profiles for frequencies ≤2 kHz are bimodal, with the major peak at the characteristic place and a secondary peak at 3-5 mm from the extreme base. Respon...

We have studied the photodissociation dynamics of expansion-cooled BrO radical both above (278-281.5 nm) and below (355 nm) the A (2)Pi(3/2) state threshold using velocity map ion imaging. A recently developed late-mixing flash pyrolytic reactor source was utilized to generate an intense BrO radical molecular beam. The relative electronic product branching ratios at 355 nm and from 278 to 281.5...

The effect of base suction on a plane wake was found to produce significant changes on wake dynamics. The wake is produced by merging two boundary layers from the trailing edge of a splitter plate in a two stream water tunnel. A threshold suction speed exists which is equal to half of the free stream velocity. If the suction speed is below the threshold, the wake flow is unstable. If the suctio...

  Background: The aim of this study was to investigate muscle damage indicators and electromyography activities of quadriceps muscles at 25° of hip flexion in untrained healthy females after an eccentric exercise induced muscle fiber damage.   Methods : A total of 14 healthy females participated in this pre-experimental study. The subjects performed maximal eccentric quadriceps contractions at ...

3 This study investigated the ankle inversion and inversion velocity between various 4 common motions in sports and simulated sprain motion, in order to provide a 5 threshold for ankle sprain risk identification. The experiment was composed of two 6 parts: Firstly, ten male subjects wore a pair of sport shoes and performed ten trials of 7 running, cutting, jump-landing and stepping-down motions...