This paper surveys the theoretical literature in which people are modeled as taking other people’s payoffs into account either because this affects their utility directly or because they wish to impress others with their social-mindedness. Key experimental results that bear on the relevance of these theories are discussed as well. Five types of models are considered. In the first, the utility o...

The most important part of an organization, institution or a school is the leadership and person who did it called leader. leader someone can give big influence also inspire subordinate. Leadership people-driven ability to people helps achieve set goals organization (Lahti, 2013). Most sometimes lead by male Only few that leads female People believe better than in leading organization. Kuchynko...

This research tests the hypothesis that being busy increases motivation and reduces the time it takes to complete tasks for which people miss a deadline. This effect occurs because busy people tend to perceive that they are using their time effectively, which mitigates the sense of failure people have when they miss a task deadline. Studies 1 and 2 show that when people are busy, they are more ...

People tend to believe, and take advice from, informants who are highly confident. However, people use more than a mere ‘‘confidence heuristic.” We believe that confidence is influential because—in the absence of other information—people assume it is a valid cue to an informant’s likelihood of being correct. However, when people get evidence about an informant’s calibration (i.e., her confidenc...

Three-dimensional Delaunay triangulations are the most common form of three-dimensional triangulations known, but they are not very suitable for tetrahedral nite element meshes because they tend to contain poorly-shaped sliver tetrahedra. In this paper, we present an algorithm for constructing improved-quality triangulations with respect to a tetrahedron shape measure. This algorithm uses combi...

This paper focuses on attitudes of acceptance towards Otherness in the social world. The discussion is based assumptions identity model, according to which exclusion and discrimination originate process categorisation.1 Seeking personal gain form self-worth, people tend favour members category they identify with. Consequently, an attempt reduce it necessary refer ability instil activate resourc...