Judicial independence is an idea that has both internal (or normative) and external (or institutional) aspects. From a normative viewpoint, judges should be autonomous moral agents, who can be relied on to carry out their public duties independent of venal or ideological considerations. Independence, or impartiality, in this sense is a desirable aspect of a judge’s character. But judges are hum...

HIV and other lentiviruses can productively infect nondividing cells, whereas most other retroviruses, such as murine leukemia virus, require cell division for efficient infection. However, the determinants for this phenotype have been controversial. Here, we show that HIV-1 capsid (CA) is involved in facilitating HIV infection of nondividing cells because amino acid changes on CA severely disr...

OBJECTIVES This article identifies risk factors associated with the loss and recovery of independence among the household population aged 65 or older. DATA SOURCES The data are from the longitudinal component of the first two cycles (1994/95 and 1996/97) of Statistics Canada's National Population Health Survey (NPHS). Supplementary information is from the cross-sectional component of the 1998...

In this paper we study elementary submodels of a stable homogeneous structure. We improve the independence relation defined in [Hy]. We apply this to prove a structure theorem. We also show that dop and sdop are essentially equivalent, where the negation of dop is the property we use in our structure theorem and sdop implies nonstructure, see [Hy]. 1. Basic definitions and spectrum of stability...

In this paper, we show that for an almost locally separable metrizable space X, if its Wijsman hyperspace induced by one compatible metric is Baire, then X itself must be Baire. We also provide an example to demonstrate the necessity of separability.

Although the attention for functional outcomes after burn injury has grown over the past decades, little is known about functional independence in performing activities of daily living in children after burn injury. Therefore, in this prospective cohort study functional independence was measured by burn care professionals with the WeeFIM(®) instrument in 119 pediatric patients with burns (age: ...

An instruction is control independent of a preceding conditional branch if the decision to execute the instruction does not depend on the outcome of the branch -this typically occurs if the two paths following the branch re-converge prior to the control independent instruction. A speculative instruction that is control independent of an earlier predicted branch does not necessarily have to be s...