Abstract. It has been hypothesized that global temperature trends are tightly linked to tropical thermocline depth, and shoaling played a crucial role in the intensification of late Pliocene Northern Hemisphere glaciation. The evolution Pacific Ocean is well documented supports this hypothesis, but records from Atlantic limited. We present new planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C interval...

We assessed the performance of state-of-the-art coupled models in reproducing equatorial undercurrent (EUC) Indian Ocean based on outputs Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and compared with 5 (CMIP5) models. Our results showed that CMIP6 reproduced boreal winter–spring EUC more realistically than CMIP5 models, although both generations underestimated strength observations. T...