background: ototoxic chemicals can impair the sense of hearing and balance. in the past decades, the ototoxicity of solvents and their interaction with noise have become evident. this study has been carried out in the shoe manufacturing factory in tehran (iran) with the aim of evaluating the combined effects of noise and toluene on the workers' hearing. materials and methods: this cross-se...

the catalytic oxidation of toluene over copper oxide supported on natural diatomite was investigated. the catalyst was prepared by the wet impregnation method and characterized by using the brunauer emmett teller (bet), field emission scanning electron microscopy (fesem), x-ray diffraction (xrd), x-ray fluorescence (xrf) and temperature-programmed reduction (tpr) analysis. the highest catalytic ...

Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia G4 was cultivated in a fed-batch bioreactor on either toluene or toluene plus trichloroethylene (TCE). The culture was allowed to reach a constant cell density under conditions in which the amount of toluene supplied equals the maintenance energy demand of the culture. Compared with toluene only, the presence of TCE at a toluene/TCE ratio of 2.3 caused a fourf...

OBJECTIVES The ototoxicity of occupational exposure to toluene plus noise was investigated in a longitudinal study in rotogravure printing and existing findings in the literature were evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study comprised four repeated examinations during 5 years and started with 333 male workers. Lifetime weighted average exposures (LWAE) to toluene and noise were determined fr...

Despite the general belief that toluene is not very hepatotoxic under occupational conditions1,2), hepatic damage was sometimes reported among glue sniffers3-5), accident victims6) and laboratory animals7,8) exposed either to toluene or its homologue xylene. Trials are made in the present study to examine if there are any detectable changes in hepatic functions in relation to the intensity of t...

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of reaction pressure on the toluene disproportionation reaction using ZSM-5 zeolite based catalyst impregnated with molybdenum. Results showed that there is a marked difference in toluene conversion and xylenes selectivity using nitrogen and hydrogen carrier gases and the reaction pressure. Toluene conversion under nitrogen pressure was higher than u...