with up to 400 million affected people worldwide, chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is still a major health care problem. during the last decade, several novel therapeutic approaches have been developed and evaluated. in most regions of the world, interferon-α (ifn-α), and nucleos(t)ide analogues are currently approved. despite major improvements, none of the existing therapies is optim...

abstract despite sophisticated conventional medical treatment and the continued development and improvement of coronary revascularization modalities in recent years, a significant number of patients still suffer from refractory angina pectoris and cannot be successfully managed. advances in therapeutic options have led to an increase in the average of life expectancy even in such no-option pati...

the treatment of juxtapapillary retinal capillary hemangiomas (jrchs) is still a therapeutic dilemma without established guidelines. because of the location of these hemangiomas on or adjacent to the optic nerve, treatment is difficult and complex, especially when jrchs are located in the papillomacular bundle. this manuscript reviews the clinically relevant data on literature regarding the tre...