1.1 Deciding between two simple hypotheses: the Neyman-Pearson Lemma. Probability theory is reviewed in Appendix D. Suppose an experiment has a set X of possible outcomes. The outcome has some probability distribution µ defined on X. In statistics, we typically don't know what µ is, but we have hypotheses about what it may be. After making observations we'll try to make a decision between or am...

The increasing frequency and scope of financial crises have made global financial stability one of the major concerns of economic policy and decision makers. This has led to the understanding that financial and banking supervision has to be thought of as a systemic task, focusing on the interdependent relations among the institutions. Using network theory, we develop a dynamic model that uses a...

In a static frictionless transferable utilities bilateral matching market with systematic and idiosyncratic payo¤s, supermodularity of the match output function implies a strong form of positive assortative matching: The equilibrium matching distribution has all positive local log odd ratios or totally positive of order 2 (TP2). A particular form of a preference for own type implies supermodula...

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We present a testing theory for Markovian processes in order to formalize a notion of efficiency which may be useful for the analysis of soft real time systems. Our Markovian testing theory is shown to enjoy close connections with the classical testing theory of De NicolaHennessy and the probabilistic testing theory of Cleaveland-Smolka et al. The Markovian testing equivalence is also shown to ...

We develop a model of demand where consumers trade-off the utility of consumption against the disutility of expenditure. This model is appropriate whenever a consumer’s demand over a strict subset of all available goods is being analyzed. Data sets consistent with this model are characterized by the absence of revealed preference cycles over prices. The model is readily generalized to the rando...

We develop a testing theory for real-time systems. We keep the usual notion of success or failure (based on finite runs) but we also provide a mechanism of determining the success or failure of infinite runs, using a formalism similar to the acceptance in Büchi automata. We present two refinement timed preorders similar to De Nicola and Hennessy’s may and must testing. We then provide alternati...

The metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) predicts the effects of body size and temperature on metabolism through considerations of vascular distribution networks and biochemical kinetics. MTE has also been extended to characterise processes from cellular to global levels. MTE has generated both enthusiasm and controversy across a broad range of research areas. However, most efforts that claim to v...

John Jackson has claimed that the only way all of the features observed on the Shroud of Turin could have been formed would involve the body becoming "mechanically transparent" concomitant with the appearance of a flux of vacuum-ultraviolet photons. The photons would produce the image as the cloth fell through the volume previously occupied by the body. This would explain the appearance of imag...