Understanding the natural dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and their response to global environmental change is essential for the prediction of future plant growth and ecosystem functions. We investigated the long-term temporal dynamics and effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and ozone (O3 ) concentrations on AM fungal communities. Molecular methods were used to ch...

Using a process-based Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model, we assessed carbon dynamics of urbanized/developed lands in the Southern United States during 1945-2007. The results indicated that approximately 1.72 (1.69-1.77) Pg (1P = 10(15)) carbon was stored in urban/developed lands, comparable to the storage of shrubland or cropland in the region. Urbanization resulted in a release of 0.21 Pg carbon to...

in knowledge-based economy, knowledge has a public good and non-rivalry nature. firms build their own knowledge stock not only by means of internal r&d and collaboration with partners, but also by means of previously spilled over knowledge of other firms and public research laboratories (such as universities). firms based on their absorptive capacity, and level of intra-industry and extra-i...

The presence of defects in a regular structure of graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can significantly influence their mechanical properties. In this work, the effect of an absence of a carbon atom (vacancy defect) on the strength of a graphene sheet and a single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is studied using quasi static molecular dynamics (QSMD) simulations. Results show that a graphene sh...

The separation of two different types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes is studied in a dielectrophoresis-based microchannel system in seven different solvents as the suspending medium.  A simple model was developed to predict the behavior of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the above mentioned system. Then, the equations of motion for the multi-walled carbon nanotubes in that system were in...

the aim of this study is investigating the transport mechanism of ibuprofen chiral isomers inside singlewall carbon nano tube (swcnt) using mathematical modeling. to achieve this goal, molecular dynamicssimulation has been performed to evaluate the interactions of ibuprofen isomers with swcnt in an aqueoussolution. results show that both chiral forms of ibuprofen molecules enter and remain insi...

in this work the conduction of ion-water solution through two discrete bundles of armchair carbon and silicon carbide nanotubes, as useful membranes for water desalination, is studied. in order that studies on different types of nanotubes be comparable, the chiral vectors of c and si-c nanotubes are selected as (7,7) and (5,5), respectively, so that    a similar volume of fluid is investigated ...