The upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers are important transportation resources for United States grain producers and exporters. Unfortunately, the lock and dam system on these Rivers is aged and barge delays have become troublesome in the lower portion of these Rivers. Studies are underway to measure the benefits and costs of upgrading locks on selected segments of these transportation arteri...

Large-conductance Ca(2+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK) channels have the largest conductance (250-300 pS) of all K(+)-selective channels. Yet, the contributions of the various parts of the ion conduction pathway to the conductance are not known. Here, we examine the contribution of the entrance to the inner cavity to the large conductance. Residues at E321/E324 on each of the four α subunits...

Results of recent experiments that clarify the effects of mechanical degradation and viscoelastic behavior on the flow of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solutions through porous media are presented. From these results, a simple model that may be used to predict injectivity of polyacrylamide solutions is developed. Injection pressures for linear corefloods are shown to be separable into two...

flow-rate measurement in rivers under different conditions is required for river management purposes including water resources planning, pollution prevention, and flood control. this study proposed a new discharge estimation method by using a mean velocity derived from a 2d velocity distribution formula based on tsallis entropy concept. this procedure is done based on several factors which refl...

The ecosystems of the San Francisco Bay estuary are influenced by the salinity of its waters, which in turn depends on flushing by freshwater inflows from the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada. Estimates of full-natural flows in eight major rivers that flush the Bay are analyzed here by extended empirical-orthogonal-function analyses to characterize distinct ‘modes’ of seasonal flow and runof...

Abstract A new interpretation of the normalised “Wayfinding” design task offers opportunity to become an important element larger clinical and architectural project for a “core” expansion large regional psychiatric hospital in South-East UK. We call this approach Waymaking , as it goes beyond signage, leveraging our deep-set knowledge understanding entire at all scales. Rivers Centre Mental Hea...

The transfer of water, sediment, and other materials to floodplains is a function of the hydrology of inundation. Inundation of floodplains by regional water, that is, overbank flow from the main river channel, and local water, that is, groundwater, hyporheic water, local tributary water, and direct precipitation onto the floodplain, is such that some rivers inundate dry floodplains, while othe...

suitable utilization of daylight in architecture, in addition to meeting the physical and emotional needs of human increase the quality of living spaces. from this perspective, our country's rich architecture has valuable achievements and experiences, which requires recognizing and introducing it to the architectural community of iran and the world. the present research intends to examine ...

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and carbon (DOC) often dominate the dissolved nitrogen and organic carbon fluxes from rivers, yet they are not considered to affect coastal water quality because of their assumed refractory nature. The objective of this study was to quantify DON and DOC bioavailability to bacteria in 9 rivers on the east coast of the United States during a 6 d dark bioassay expe...

Although picophytoplankton (PP) (0.2-2 µm) are ubiquitous in lakes and oceans, their importance in rivers has rarely been studied. We examined PP assemblages during the ice-free period in five rivers of a temperate region varying in trophic state (9-107 µg/L total phosphorus) and water discharge (1-87 m3/s). In these rivers, PP abundance reached concentrations as high as those observed in lakes...