the following null hypothesis was proposed: there is no significant difference between the efl students listening comprehension development receiving pictorial cues and those receiving no cuse. to test the null hypothesis, 52 male and femal freshmen students of medicine studing at iran university of medical scinces were randomly selected from a total population of 72 students. to ensure that th...

this study attempted to explore if teaching english collocations through two different modes of awareness-raising and input flooding has any possible differential effect on immediate retention as well as retention in a delayed assessment. it also compared the possible differential effect of teaching english collocations implicitly and explicitly on actively using the items in writing. m...

there is less published research about how teachers in efl contexts respond to students who are relatively less mature and less competent l2 writers. while writing researchers have examined various issues concerning peer and teacher response in writing-oriented classes, little research has centered on the effect of collaborative tasks particularly dictogloss on writing skills. output collaborat...

the present study set out (a) to examine the categories of pedagogical knowledge related to the act of teaching of novice and experienced teachers as gleaned from their verbal report of what they were thinking about while teaching and (b) to compare the categories of pedagogical knowledge of novice and experienced teachers. the aim of comparing these two groups of teachers was to see whether di...

this study is an outlook of iranians religious practices and customs in eras such as nasser one. it attempts to answer the main question, "religious practices and ceremonies in the society during naseri ruling" and other subsidiary questions with scientific and historical theories. iran was a traditional and religious community . people abided by their religious practices and duties within reli...

the present research was conducted to explore the effect of employing two language teaching approaches, i.e. schema-based instruction (sbi) and translation-based instruction (tbi), on vocabulary knowledge, structure and reading comprehension ability of forty one female students learning english in grade one senior high school in rivash, kuhsorkh, iran. while sbi focuses on schemata, i.e. words ...

and imperfection fails to be considered as a basis for ethics. Otherwise, human happiness would not occur. In this way, the important part of religion in the field is clear. The sacredness of ethics, the signification and guarantee of ethical orders and presenting ethical examples can be counted as different dimensions for this relationship. Ethical system originated from interaction of religio...

as far as bandura’s (1977) conceptualization of the sense of self-efficacy is concerned, it is argued to be context- and even task-specific, compared to other concepts like self-esteem (brown, 2000); therefore, upon the previous research studies, related theories and definitions, and the ideas and views obtained from the interviews conducted with the scholars, the current research study aimed a...

supervisors play an undeniable role in training teachers, before starting their professional experience by preparing them, at the initial years of their teaching by checking their work within the proper framework, and later on during their teaching by assessing their progress. but surprisingly, exploring their attributes, professional demands, and qualifications has remained a neglected theme i...

چکیده مهارت شنیداری برای مدتهای طولانی در آموزش ، تحقیق و ارزیابی مورد غفلت قرار گرفته است. اگرچه در سالهای اخیر به خاطر اهمیت قابل ملاحظه این توانائیها در آموزش و آزمون زبان ، توجه بیشتری به توانائیهای شنیداری شده است. هم چنانکه درک شنیداری در آموزش و ارزیابی زبان دوم اهمیت فزاینده ای می یابد محققین سعی نموده اند تا ماهیت مهارتهای مستتر در مهارت شنیداری را مورد بررسی و مطالعه قرار دهند. هدف ...