The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth performance, feed intake, slaughter characteristics, meat quantity and quality characteristics of Hanwoo steers fed with Italian ryegrass (IRG) silage (TRT). IRG silage consisted 11.70% protein, 2.84% ether extract, 53.50% dry matter digestibility and 63.34% total digestible nutrients. The daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio of TRT w...

Renewed interest exists in using grass forages to dilute the higher crude protein (CP) and lower digestible fiber present in legumes fed to lactating dairy cows. A 3 x 3 Latin square feeding study with 4-wk periods was conducted with 24 Holstein cows to compare ryegrass silage, either untreated control or macerated (intensively conditioned) before ensiling, with alfalfa silage as the sole dieta...

In a balanced incomplete block design, two dry Holstein cows were used to investigate the effect of β 1-4 galactooligosaccharides (GOS) supplementation on nitrogen (N) utilization, rumen fermentation and microbial N supply in the rumen. During the experiment, cows were fed four diets: orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) silage (OS), OS with GOS supplementation (OSG), OS mixed with alfalfa (Med...

Effects of niacin or niacinamide in diets containing either soybean meal, raw whole soybeans or whole soybeans extruded at 132 and 149 C on ruminal bacterial fermentation were examined with a dual-flow continuous culture system. In Exp. 1, soybean sources each provided 50% of total crude protein in diets comprised of 52% concentrate mix, 36% corn silage and 12% alfalfa hay (dry-matter basis). E...

Milk yield in dairy cows is directly dependent on their feed or energy intake. Due to genetic improvements, dairy cows have increased their potential for milk yield. This implies that the animal’s energy requirements are drastically increased. The presence of both physical and metabolic mechanisms for intake regulation and dynamic nature of lactating dairy cows has made ration formulation a cha...

First cut red clover-grass mixture sward were ensiled in two pits with inoculant (Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. Shermanii) and without any additives. Fermentation quality, nutrient losses and aerobic stability of silages were determined. The inoculated silage had no butyric acid, nutrient losses were lowered by 19.4%. In inoculated silage organic matter digesti...

in a 3×3 latin square design, 9 ok and multipaous lactating holstein cows averaging 76 ± 12 days in milk and 580±48 kg of body weight were assigned to three dietary treatments in 3 periods of 21 days. dietary treatments were 1) the control diet (without dried or ensiled tomato pulp), 2) diet with 8% dried tomato pulp (dm basis) and 3) diet with 8% ensiled tomato pulp silage (dm basis). tomato p...

In this study, organically raised pigs received an increasing proportion of grass silage up to 10 and 20% dry matter in the daily ration in the grower and finisher period, respectively, to determine the effects of grass silage on feed intake and growth performance. The pigs receiving a mixture of grass silage and compound feed ingested 0.3 kg DM/d (13% of their daily ration) as grass silage and...

introduction feed contributes about 75% of the total cost of animal production, therefore utilizing of by-products such as berseem clover and citrus pulp, as nutritive and low cost components of rations would decrease the production cost. in north of iran over autumn and winter, utilizing of these by-products in making of silage as feed for ruminants provides good feed ingredient especially in ...

A study involving a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was conducted to evaluate effects of hybrid (Pioneer 3335 and 3489), maturity (half milkline and blacklayer), and mechanical processing (field chopper with and without on-board rollers engaged) on intake and digestibility of corn silage. Forty Angus steers (322 +/- 5.2 kg BW) were assigned to the eight silage treatments (five ste...