background: ketamine is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic which produces dissociation anesthesia, analgesia, and amnesia. the mechanism of ketamine-induced synaptic inhibition in high-level cortical areas is still unknown. we aimed to elucidate the effects of different concentrations of ketamine on the glutamatergic synaptic transmission of the neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex b...

I n this paper, we specify that the GARCH(1,1) model has strong forecasting volatility and its usage under the truncated standard normal distribution (TSND) is more suitable than when it is under the normal and student-t distributions. On the contrary, no comparison was tried between the forecasting performance of volatility of the daily return series using the multi-step ahead forec...

Finding the global minimum of a function is often difficult. We consider efficiently minimizing functions which are computationally expensive to evaluate. A Bayesian approach to the global function optimization problem places a prior distribution on the function and chooses where to evaluate the function based on its posterior distribution given a set of observations. While many recent applicat...

The lasso, introduced by Robert Tibshirani in 1996, has become one of the most popular techniques for estimating Gaussian linear regression models. An important reason for this popularity is that the lasso can simultaneously estimate all regression parameters as well as select important variables, yielding accurate regression models that are highly interpretable. This paper derives an efficient...

This paper presents a novel methodology to infer parameters of probabilistic models whose output noise is a Student-t distribution. The method is an extension of earlier work for models that are linear in parameters to nonlinear multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). We used an EM algorithm combined with variational approximation, the evidence procedure, and an optimisation algorithm. The technique wa...

In the Gaussian process regression the observation model is commonly assumed to be Gaussian, which is convenient in computational perspective. However, the drawback is that the predictive accuracy of the model can be significantly compromised if the observations are contaminated by outliers. A robust observation model, such as the Student-t distribution, reduces the influence of outlying observ...

background and objective: life skills are abilities that grow with continued training and prepare the person to face with daily life issues, increasing mental, social and health abilities. the present study aimed to evaluate the student's life skills in kurdistan university of medical sciences and its affecting factors. materials and methods: this was a cross-sectional study. three hundred...

University researchers and teacher facilitators implemented a state-funded professional development project during the 2005-06 academic year to help county middle school teachers improve student achievement in mathematics. In this paper, we discuss lessons and results from this innovative model, whose iterative cycle includes teacher content knowledge, item analysis from a high-stakes test, ped...

zeinab fatemi amin phd student (economic sociology and development) majid fouladiyan phd student (theoretical cultural sociology) the main issue in this paper is two-way causal relationship between educational efficiency in any country and the development in society; it means while education in any society is affected by different levels of development, also as a independent variable influences...