in iran, new centralization characteristic, especially during pahlavi dynasty, has been convergence and its vast use in bureaucracy. historical sociological studies have consensus on the issues of centralization, power centralization, and political sovereignty in iran; however, these issues have some divisional interruptions and different levels of strength in some parts of the history. this es...

Strong companies will not be too affected by news issues about stock splits, but several other that do splits actually experience a decline in demand for their shares. This study aims to analyze the effect of on abnormal returns and liquidity. In this study, authors use quantitative research methods with descriptive approach, because there are variables examined relationship describe characteri...

BACKGROUND Mounting evidence suggests that holding multiple concurrent jobs in public and private (dual practice) is common among health workers in low- as well as high-income countries. Nurses are world's largest health professional workforce and a critical resource for achieving Universal Health Coverage. Nonetheless, little is known about nurses' engagement with dual practice. METHODS We c...

This study reports on research article (RA) authors’ definitional understanding and sociocultural perceptions of intertextuality and plagiarism in academic writing. To meet this end, a questionnaire, consisting of three sections, was constructed and emailed to Iranian RA authors who have published in leading international and local applied linguistics journals. The findings of the first two sec...

The current review examines work-related traumatic events, with particular focus on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a potential mental health outcome. Despite considerable empirical knowledge about trauma and PTSD, a gap exists with respect to laws undergirding Workers Compensation (WC) insurance coverage for work-related mental health injuries. In this article, state and federal WC sta...

background: the purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of ghost and honorary authors and its determinant factors in bio-medical journals of iran. methods: the study was done in 2009-10 in tehran, kerman, and iran medical universities, iran.  we contacted the first or corresponding authors of the papers had published papers in the recent two issues of iranian journal of public health...

Design in Education is the object of in-depth study and it has opened many doors for action by the designer, reaffirming the interdisciplinary vocation of this area of knowledge. This study intends to present Design as a field that can contribute effectively towards the creation of educational artifacts and cultural inventions, important aspects in human's cognitive development. This topic is o...