McElduff F, Cortina-Borja M, Chan SK, Wade A. When t-tests or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests won’t do. Adv Physiol Educ 34: 128–133, 2010; doi:10.1152/advan.00017.2010.—t-Tests are widely used by researchers to compare the average values of a numeric outcome between two groups. If there are doubts about the suitability of the data for the requirements of a t-test, most notably the distribution bei...

This paper describes the use of a microsphere sensor technology that allows simple fabrication of vapor sensor arrays with reproducible response patterns. Microsphere sensor fabrication protocols are uncomplicated and yield billions of highly reproducible sensors. Microsphere sensor arrays combined with a generalized Whitney-Mann-Wilcoxen (GWMW) classifier were used to discriminate between the ...

In this paper, we propose two regularization approaches for the Boltz-mann collision operator. The constructed operators preserve the mass, momentum and energy; their equilibrium states are Maxwellians and they satisfy the H theorem. In the rst approach, the regularization consists in allowing microscopic collisions which do not exactly preserve energy and momentum. However, the limit of the mo...

In a mathematical approach to hypothesis tests, we start with a clearly defined set of hypotheses and choose the test with the best properties for those hypotheses. In practice, we often start with less precise hypotheses. For example, often a researcher wants to know which of two groups generally has the larger responses, and either a t-test or a Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney (WMW) test could be accep...

Increased emphasis on aircraft inspection to ensure aviation safety has resulted in the need for a better trained workforce of aircraft maintenance personnel. As almost 90% of inspection is visual in nature, it has led to the development of computer simulators to train human inspectors performing the inspection task. However, the lack of immersion and interaction has led to limited effectivenes...

introduction: studying long-term trend changes of meteorological parameters is one of the routine methods in atmospheric studies, especially in the climate change subject. among the meteorological parameters, temperature is always considered as one of the most atmospheric elements and studying it in order to gain a better understanding of the climate change phenomenon, has been effective. in ad...