two-spotted spider mite (tssm) is becoming resistant to many of the pesticides used in the tomatofields. a potential alternative method of control is host plant resistance, which may be mediated byglandular trichomes. in this experiment, level of entrapment and mortality of the pest by type ivglandular trichomes were studied on accessions of lycopersicon hirsutum humb & bonpl, l. pennellii(cor....

predators may adjust their foraging behavior according to herbivore induced plant volatiles innately or through learning. here, first we investigated whether the phytoseiid predatory mites, neoseiulus californicus and n. barkeri were innately able to respond to odors related to tetranychus urticae infested bean leaves. the naïve predator females were reared on washed t. urticae as prey on filte...

In North Africa, Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 represents one of the most destructive generalists among mite herbivores. Unfortunately, it is a source important annual casualties in crop production. It phytophagous that can feed on hundreds host plants and produces significant damage. The control T. Africa has been principally based acaricide sprays. However, new alternative methods have shown...

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is an extensively used, high-throughput method to analyze transcriptional expression of genes of interest. An appropriate normalization strategy with reliable reference genes is required for calculating gene expression across diverse experimental conditions. In this study, we aim to identify the most stable reference genes for expression studies of xenobioti...

Background & Aim: Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the most important pests of crops, ornamental and greenhouse plants in the world and, can damage to 900 plant species. Resistances to pesticides and acaricides have guided researches to introduce new methods to control T. urticae. Botanical pesticides are an important group of natural productions that are usually safer than ...

the developmental period, prey consumption of different nymph instars, survival, reproduction and longevity of orius albidipennis were studied on three different diets including the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae plus corn pollen; two-spotted spider mite; and eggs of sitotroga cerealella plus corn pollen under laboratory conditions. leaves of pelargonium hortom served as ovipositi...

tetranychus urticae koch is an important and destructive pest of crops, fruits and ornamental plants in worldwide. the high fecundity of t. urticae and its abruptly life span as well as the extensive application of acaricides for keeping t. urticae damages below economic injury level, caused to resistance to acaricides and control failures. in this research the fumigant activity of essential oi...