Experts classifications of spatial data are strongly affected by subjectivity and rigidity of rules. They do not take into account, in a quantitative way, the overlap of classes and as a major consequence, their classifications are often not reproducibles. To overcome this subjectivity, exploratory techniques can suggest a coherent set of rules that will produce suitable polythetic and overlapp...

Autonomous navigation in cross-country environments presents many new challenges with respect to more traditional, urban environments. The lack of highly structured components in the scene complicates the design of even basic functionalities such as obstacle detection. In addition to the geometric description of the scene, terrain typing is also an important component of the perceptual system. ...

The Wadden Sea is an almost untouched area with a size of about 7300 km along the German, Dutch and Danish coast. Because of tide the area is flooded two times a day, creating a very special and sensitive ecosystem. In order to protect the Wadden Sea up-todate Digital Terrain Models (DTM) of high accuracy are needed to detect morphological changes. Lidar is an adequate method to obtain an accur...

Autonomous navigation remains a considerable challenge, primarily because of the difficulty in describing the environment of the robot in a way that captures the variability of natural environments. In this paper, we focus on the problem of extracting the ground terrain surface from sparse 3-D data from LADAR mobility sensors, including the segmentation of the terrain from obscuring vegetation....

Nowadays there is a wide range of systems that provide an efficient and fast data capture for the DEM generation and the spread of the computer systems has allowed the use of DEM to a high number of technicians. Unfortunately, the DEM analysis tools do not have similar development. Actually, the analyses are mainly based in the application of local scale operators that provide additional inform...

Topographic correction is an important data preprocessing step when land cover classification and quantitative analysis of multispectral data are carried out in mountainous regions. Solar illumination effects may cause variations in reflectance of similar ground features, leading to a possible misclassification due to different topographic positions. Since nearly all surfaces exhibit a varying ...

Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data is used for multiple applications, such as urban planning, emergency response, flood control, and city 3D reconstruction. The LIDAR data in its raw form needs to be classified for the above applications. There are two types of classifications: binary and multi-class. In the binary classification, the given LIDAR data is classified into two class...

This paper presents an application study of exploiting fuzzyrough feature selection (FRFS) techniques in aid of efficient and accurate Mars terrain image classification. The employment of FRFS allows the induction of low-dimensionality feature sets from sample descriptions of feature vectors of a much higher dimensionality. Supported with comparative studies, the work demonstrates that FRFS hel...

two different methods of bayesian segmentation algorithm were used with different band combinations. sequential maximum a posteriori (smap) is a bayesian image segmentation algorithm which unlike the traditional maximum likelihood (ml) classification attempts to improve accuracy by taking contextual information into account, rather than classifying pixels separately. landsat 7 etm+ data with pa...