the necessity and importance of teaching pragmatics has come to light by many researchers (e.g. rose & kasper, 2001). due to the consensus over the need to teach pragmatic competence, the main issue now centers on the question of how we should teach this competence in the most effective way. consistent with this line of research, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of d...

羽野 壽 ・岩 田 平太郎 ・岩 田 宣芳 ・本 間 弘茂 A difference has been demonstrated between the total catecholamine contents of the atrium and the ventricle in the dog heart (1) and in the rabbit heart (2) : the level being higher in the atrium than in the ventricle. Moreover, a depletion of catecholamine in various tissues after reserpine injection was reported by many workers (3-6) and several studies (7, 8) ha...

BACKGROUND In the past decade, increasing attention has focused on identification and treatment of vitamin D deficiency although repletion outcomes of pharmacologic vitamin D therapy have not been examined at a population level. OBJECTIVE To investigate population trends and outcomes of pharmacologic treatment of vitamin D deficiency. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using ...

Serum 25(OH)D levels are obtained when the disorder is suspected. Serum 1,25 (OH)D levels have no place in diagnosing the syndrome and will mislead the physician. Sunlight, artificial light, oral or parental vitamin D, or a combination, aimed at restoring circulating levels of 25(OH)D between 35 and 55 ng/ml is the treatment of choice. Controlled sunlight is the safest form of vitamin D repleti...

We present a patient with an adrenal pheochromocytoma with an unusual pattern of periodic alternating hypertension and hypotension. Alpha-adrenergic blockade alone failed to affect this pattern, which was abolished only after fluid repletion. The efficacy of volume expansion in ultimately correcting the wide fluctuations of blood pressure implicates a possible reflex neurogenic mechanism for th...