If we increase the osmotic pressure at one end of a Nitella cell by applying a solution of sucrose and if we subsequently submerge the entire cell in water we find that water enters at the end where the osmotic pressure is higher and comes out of the cell at the other end. If similar inequalities of osmotic pressure should arise as the result of metabolism we can understand how a secreting cell...

Many minerals and vitamins have been proven in research studies to be essential for optimal growth, physiologic function, and productivity in animals. Data from the analytical section of the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory would indicate significant incidences of vitamin and mineral deficiencies in Utah. There has been an increase in recent years that appears to be associated with produce...

effect of methanolic leaf extract of moringa oleifera for the stabilization of butter oil with modified fatty acid profile at ambient temperature was investigated. twelve sahiwal cows of first and early lactation were randomly stratified into two groups in a completely randomized design and fatty acid profile of milk fat was modified by feeding 300 grams calcium salts of fatty acids (per cow pe...

The efficacy of a 15% (w/w) mixture of octanoic, nonanoic and decanoic acids in light mineral oil to repel Culicoides biting midges (Diptera; Ceratopogonidae) was determined in three replicates of a 4 × 4 Latin square design under South African field conditions. The fatty acids were applied to ± 0.07 m(2) polyester meshes with a mesh size 2-3mm fitted to 220 V 8 W Onderstepoort downdraught ligh...

Several emulsified and two nonemulsified incomplete adjuvants were examined for their adjuvant activity by use of mycobacterial ribosomal fractions as a substrate. A good adjuvant is defined as one which produces a high immunological response with the ribosomal fraction in mice to infection with virulent tubercle bacilli. Freund's incomplete adjuvant, consisting of Aquaphor and heavy mineral oi...

This study examined the effects of nucleotide supplementation on broiler chick growth performance, immunological response, carcass traits, meat quality, serum biochemical parameters, total antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, mortality rate, and economic efficiency measures chicks. A 180 one-day-old chicks (Ross 308) were distributed into 6 groups, each which consisted 30 chicks, group ...

Twenty-nine additives were evaluated for their antiwear and extreme pressure properties when incorporated in various percentages in lithium soap-mineral oil greases. The percentages of the principal antiwear and extreme pressure inducing elements: sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus and lead were determined. The most promising ones were further evaluated in commercialgreases and in inorganic thickened...

Odorant diluents are generally chosen because of their odorless qualities, allowing them to dilute a target odorant without otherwise altering its perception. Unpublished observations from our laboratory, however, suggest that mineral oil (MO), a common diluent for oil-based odorants, may possess a distinct odor when used in the behavioral testing of mice. To test this, mice were trained to dis...