Synovial fluid is usually considered to be a modified extracellular fluid or blood dialysate (1, 2). It is now well known that all of the electrophoretically classified groups of proteins found in serum are also, at least qualitatively, present in synovial fluid (3-8). This does not mean, however, that all proteins can pass the capillary membranes, because cholesterol and fats, usually associat...

Fibrinogen is not normally found in human synovial fluid (Ropes and Bauer, 1953) or in bovine synovial fluid (Cho and Neuhaus, 1960). Normal synovial joints are quite rapidly cleared of fibrin after injury (Harrold, 1961). In rheumatoid arthritis and tuberculous arthritis, fibrinogen entering the joint is precipitated as fibrin and in many cases this is not removed but remains to form fibrin bo...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with a local inflammatory process. Dyslipidemia is known to be an underlying cause for the development of OA. Therefore, lipid and inflammatory levels were quantified ex vivo in blood and synovial fluid of OA patients (n=29) and compared to those of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (n=27) or healthy volunteers (HV) (n=35). The role of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA...

To determine effects of intraarticularly administered tiludronate on articular cartilage in vivo, eight healthy horses were injected once with tiludronate (low dose tiludronate [LDT] 0.017 mg, n = 4; high dose tiludronate [HDT] 50 mg, n = 4) into one middle carpal joint and with saline into the contralateral joint. Arthrocentesis of both middle carpal joints was performed pre-treatment, and 10 ...

Synovial fluid is usually considered to be a modified extracellular fluid or blood dialysate (1, 2). It is now well known that all of the electrophoretically classified groups of proteins found in serum are also, at least qualitatively, present in synovial fluid (3-8). This does not mean, however, that all proteins can pass the capillary membranes, because cholesterol and fats, usually associat...

+*Trumble, TN; *Brown, MP; *Merritt, KA +*University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida [email protected] INTRODUCTION Bone undergoes reformation in response to the demands placed on it during exercise (modeling) and injury (remodeling). Bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) is an early osteoblastic activity biomarker that has been identified in serum from humans with osteoporosis as well as...

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was examined in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The cytotoxicity of peripheral blood leucocytes from patients with RA was similar to that found in normal persons, whereas ADCC was less effective in RA synovial fluid cells. It is possible that the activity in these cells is lower because of immune complexes and other factors being abs...

Synovial mucin, the characteristic component of synovial fluid, was first isolated in 1846 by Frerichs (1846), who precipitated it from joint fluid by addition of. acetic acid. Its high viscosity and peculiar chemical composition made it a subject of much interest. Frerichs realized that it was a complex of protein and carbohydrate components, but little -additional information was added until ...

1. The astragalotibial (hock) joints of normal young beef cattle contain large and uniform quantities of synovial fluid which is easily accessible for study. 2. Nucleated cells found in such synovial fluid are similar in numbers and types to those described previously in normal rabbits' synovia. 3. The fact that 90 to 95 per cent of all nucleated cells present are actively phagocytic implies th...

Synovial joints form the most important feature of the human body as they represent the centers of the most essential and basic activity in the human beings, which is motion. A synovial joint can be described as a load carrying system consisting of two mating bones with tangential and /or normal motions. The bone ends, which are usually spherical in appearance, are covered with a soft sponge li...