abstract one of the losses decrease's ways in fields, is the proper irrigation management, which its base is the accurate estimation of crop water requirement. equations which are used to calculate the reference evapotranspiration (eto), do not use the same climatic parameters and due to their empirical base, are not match to all climatic situations. so it is needed to clarify proper methods fo...

abstract in recent years, dust storm in western part of iran, especially fars province, caused various problems for people. the aim of this research is the identification of circulation patterns producing dust storms over fars province. for this purpose, firstly the code number 6 of current weather at 12 gmt belongs to 8 synoptic stations during the statistical period of 1992-2003 has been extr...

This paper investigates whether concurrent or subsequent meteotsunamis could happen at both the Balearic Islands and the Adriatic Sea as a consequence of either the simultaneous presence of the favourable synoptic pattern above both areas, or propagation of the pattern from one area to another. Meteotsunami events in sea level records from Dubrovnik (chosen to be the proxy for the occurrence of...

The effect of the advection of magnetic features on synoptic frames has been estimated and it shows that for the time interval ranging from 4 to 14 days the differential rotation of magnetic features accounts for most of the surface transport of photospheric magnetic fields. It is shown that both the 1996.08.27 19:12:30 synoptic frame with the effect of differential rotation included and the fo...

[1] In this paper, by using a dynamic model with synoptic eddy and low-frequency flow (SELF) interaction, we show that the SELF feedback is of significant importance for the formation of the AO/NAO in both winter and summer. Although background storm activity is significantly weaker in summer than that in winter, the positive SELF feedback associated with the AO/NAO mode in summer can be as str...

Numerical simulations are conducted of geostrophically balanced flow over an isolated mountain cut by a horizontal gap. The relative importance of the along-gap synoptic-scale pressure gradient and terraininduced mesoscale circulations for the generation of gap winds was examined by changing the direction of the synoptic-scale wind relative to the topography. In all cases, the forcing associate...

BACKGROUND Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is integral to the diagnosis and management of patients with thyroid nodules. We introduced synoptic cytology reporting for thyroid nodules in 2004. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of synoptic cytology reporting in our institution. METHODS A comparative study of two 2-year periods (1 August 2002 to 1 August 2004 and 2 August 20...

This article introduces the synoptic catalog, a computerized combination of a hospital library catalog and a bookseller's catalog. Majors Scientific Books and Richmond Memorial Hospital Libraries in Virginia collaborated to develop the model. A logical evolution in catalog theory and practice, the design expands the identification, collocation, and evaluation functions of the traditional librar...

This study estimated the association between particulate air pollution and daily mortality in Utah Valley using the synoptic climatological approach to control for potential weather effects. This approach was compared with alternative weather modeling approaches. Although seasonality explained a significant amount of variability in mortality, other weather variables explained only a very small ...

1 Dept. of Meteorology and IPRC, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA * Corresponding author address: Prof. Tim Li, Dept. of Meteorology and IPRC, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA; E-mail: [email protected] In this paper we review the observed structure and evolution characteristics of the western North Pacific monsoon on various time scales, including its annual cycle, synoptic wave act...