In this paper the effect of the synoptic scale variability is analyzed using a simple atmosphere-ocean coupled model. This high frequency variability has been taken into account in the model adding white gaussian noise in variables related to zonal and meridional temperature differences. Results show that synoptic scale frequency variability on longitudinal heating contrast between land and sea...

An updated climatology of EF1+ (Enhanced Fujita category 1 or stronger) tornadoes in Italy (445 events the period 1990–2021) confirms that central Tyrrhenian (CT) and southeastern (SE) regions Italian peninsula represent two areas most affected by Mediterranean. We performed a comparative analysis between these hotspots, examining large-scale atmospheric features associated to tornado occurrenc...

A model, based on ozone-concentration tendency equation, is developed to study synoptic ozone-column variations. The application is referred to a middle-latitude site and to an atmospheric layer extending from the surface up to about 35-km altitude. Photochemical effects at the considered location for synoptic time scales are considered negligible. The data input consists of umkehr ozone profil...

This study presents a seasonal synoptic climatology of cut-off lows (COLs) that produced extreme precipitation in the Valencia region Spain during 1998–2018 and uses simulations with Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model to how COL may change future warmer climate. COLs were shown be main producer region, especially transition seasons. The strongest raining events occurred September–November...

In this study, long-term (10 years) radiosonde-based cloud data are compared with the ground-based active remote sensing product under six prevailing large-scale synoptic patterns, i.e., cyclonic center (CC), weak pressure pattern (WP), the southeast bottom of cyclonic center (CB), cold front (CF), anticyclone edge (AE) and anticyclone center (AC) over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site. The ...

The impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on synoptic conditions in Ukraine can not be considered as fully defined as the territory of Ukraine is located at the transitional boundary of processes associated with the NAO. As a rule, common methods based on the principal component analysis (PCA) can not reveal the impact of the NAO. Moreover, the analysis of synopticscale processes based...

The plastic effect is historically used to denote various forms of stereopsis. The vivid impression of depth often associated with binocular stereopsis can also be achieved in other ways, for example, using a synopter. Accounts of this go back over a hundred years. These ways of viewing all aim to diminish sensorial evidence that the picture is physically flat. Although various viewing modes ha...

Pollution levels and the effect of air pollution on human health can be modified by synoptic weather type and aeroallergens. We investigated the effect modification of aeroallergens on the association between CO, O3, NO2, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5 and asthma hospitalisation rates in seven synoptic weather types using single air pollutant models, adjusted for the effect of aeroallergens and stratified...

Previous studies have demonstrated the key role of baroclinicity and thus the isentropic slope in determining the climatological-mean distribution of the tropospheric eddy fluxes of heat. Here the authors examine the role of variability in the isentropic slope in driving variations in the tropospheric eddy fluxes of heat about their long-term mean during Northern Hemisphere winter. On month-to-...

Although the wet season in the tropical Amazon (108N–208S) at any one place and in any one year is initiated rapidly by synoptic systems, large-scale thermodynamic conditions modulate the frequency and intensity of these synoptic systems and hence control the climatology of the wet season. In this study, the satellite radiances, radiosondes, and assimilation data of the atmosphere are analyzed ...