The intelligent omni-surface (IOS) is a dynamic metasurface that has recently been proposed to achieve full-dimensional communications by realizing the dual function of anomalous reflection and refraction. Existing research works provide only simplified models for refraction responses IOS, which do not explicitly depend on physical structure IOS angle incidence electromagnetic (EM) waves. There...

it is very important to study and simulate s-wave structure for near surface (alluvium parts, in particular) owing to its direct relationship to urban facilities in geotechnical and earthquake engineering studies. so, in seismic microzonation, the first step is to study and identify s-wave pattern in alluvium in order to categorize different parts of cites according to s-wave velocity. current ...

PURPOSE To propose a method to correct optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of posterior surface of the crystalline lens incorporating its gradient index (GRIN) distribution and explore its possibilities for posterior surface shape reconstruction in comparison to existing methods of correction. METHODS Two-dimensional images of nine human lenses were obtained with a time-domain OCT syste...

The apparent position, size, and shape of aerial objects viewed binocularly from water change as a result of the refraction of light at the water surface. Earlier studies of the refraction-distorted structure of the aerial binocular visual field of underwater observers were restricted to either vertically or horizontally oriented eyes. Here we calculate the position of the binocular image point...

PURPOSE To determine the efficacy of INTACS insertion using a femtosecond laser in the treatment of keratoconus and to compare it to the technique using a mechanical spreader. METHODS INTACS were inserted in 10 eyes using the mechanical spreader to create the channels and subsequently on another 20 eyes using the femtosecond laser. Uncorrected (UCVA) and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity...