BACKGROUND In cystic fibrosis (CF), genetic mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene cause reduced chloride efflux from ciliated airway epithelial cells. This results in a reduction in periciliary liquid (PCL) depth of the airway surface liquid due to associated reduced water efflux. PCL layer dehydration reduces mucociliary clearance (MCC), leading to airway obstruct...

The black-chinned tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) is a paternal mouthbrooder. Pairs of adult black-chinned tilapia were raised in freshwater and the males were sampled during the mouthbrooding cycle. Sampling also occurred 10 days after release of the free-swimming fry for comparison. During the first week of incubation of the eggs, total androgens and estradiol were low (<5 and <0.3 ng/ml,...

The mucinlike glycoprotein MUCLIN, one of two protein products of the CRP-ductin gene, was used to study changes in the expression of sulfated glycoconjugates during the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis, using the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) knockout mouse (CF mouse). We assessed the appearance of dilated lumina containing protein or mucus plugs in pancreatic acini...

Acrolein, a low-molecular-weight aldehyde found in photochemical smog and tobacco smoke, can induce mucus hypersecretion, inflammation, and airway hyperreactivity. To determine whether changes in steady-state mucin gene expression (MUC2 and MUC5ac) are associated with histological signs of mucus hypersecretion, rats were exposed to acrolein (3.0 parts/million, 6 h/day, 5 days/wk, 2 wk), and the...

background and objective: chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) is one of the most common chronic diseases. in the past decades, there has been an increase in fungal infections of sinuses and fungal rhinosinusitis (frs) has been diagnosed more frequently. knowing the fungal flora and its prevalence in crs patients will allow a better understanding of this disease, permitting a correct diagnosis, treatme...

The relative abundance of bacteria in the mucus and crushed tissue of the Mediterranean coral Oculina patagonica was determined by analyses of the 16S rRNA genes of isolated colonies and from a 16S rRNA clone library of extracted DNA. By SYBR gold staining, the numbers of bacteria in mucus and tissue samples were 6.2 x 10(7) and 8.3 x 10(8)/cm2 of coral surface, respectively, 99.8% of which fai...

We investigated the effect of NC-1300-O-3 on gastric mucus secretion and prostaglandin release into the gastric lumen in rats. NC-1300-O-3 following single or repeated administration for up to 4 weeks significantly increased the hexose content in the gastric lumen at 10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o. Omeprazole and cimetidine at doses that strongly inhibited gastric acid secretion had no effect on the hexo...

In a number of pulmonary diseases, patients may develop abnormally viscous mucus reducing drug efficacy. To increase budesonide diffusion within lung fluid, we developed nanoporous microparticles (NPMPs) composed of budesonide and a mucokinetic, ambroxol hydrochloride, to be inhaled as a dry powder. Budesonide/ambroxol-HCl particles were formulated by spray drying and characterised by various p...

Binding-site concentration and conditional stability constants for copper and fish gill surface interactions were calculated based on the data from the literature. Six scenarios were modeled by including or excluding pH and alkalinity differences between the fish gill microenvironment and the bulk solution and the presence of free mucus in the calculation. We demonstrate that changes in pH or a...

Goblet cells reside throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and are responsible for the production and preservation of a protective mucus blanket by synthesizing and secreting high molecular weight glycoproteins known as mucins. The concept of the mucus layer functioning as a dynamic protective barrier is suggested by studies showing changes in mucins in inflammatory conditions of the GI tra...