Land–atmosphere (LA) interactions play a critical role in determining the diurnal evolution of both planetary boundary layer (PBL) and land surface heat andmoisture budgets, aswell as controlling feedbackswith clouds and precipitation that lead to the persistence of dry and wet regimes. In this study, the authors examine the impact of improved specification of land surface states, anomalies, an...

ADAM H. SOBEL1*, ERIC D. MALONEY2, GILLES BELLON3 AND DARGAN M. FRIERSON4 Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, Rm. 217, New York 10027, USA Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathem...

Models of atmospheric transport can be used to interpret spatiotemporal differences in the observed concentrations of CO2 in terms of its surface exchange fluxes. Inversion of the atmospheric transport is the systematic search for both a flux field that yields an optimal match between modeled and observed concentrations and, equally importantly, the uncertainties in this inferred flux field. Th...

In the majority of glacier surface energy balance studies, parameterization rather than direct measurement is used to estimate one or more of the individual heat fluxes, with others, such as the rain and ground heat fluxes, often deemed negligible. Turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat are commonly parameterized using the bulk aerodynamic technique. This method was developed for horizont...

Fluxes of atmospheric ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N, where NH3-N 5 (14/17)NH3) from an anaerobic ;2.5 ha (1 ha 5 10,000 m ) commercial hog waste storage lagoon were measured during the summer of 1997 through the spring of 1998 in order to study the seasonal variability in emissions of NH3-N and its relationship to lagoon physicochemical properties. Ammonia-nitrogen fluxes were measured during each se...