This paper is concerned with the simulation of the Partial Diierential Equation (PDE) driven evolution of a closed surface by means of an implicit representation. In most applications, the natural choice for the implicit representation is the signed distance function to the closed surface. Osher and Sethian propose to evolve the distance function with a Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Unfortunately t...

Previous work in haptics surface tracing for virtual prototyping and surface design applications has used a point model for virtual finger-surface interaction. We extend this tracing method for surface-to-surface interactions. A straightforward extension of the point-surface formulation to surface-surface can yield extraneous, undesirable solutions, although we rework the formulation to yield m...

Surface reconstruction from unorganized point set is a common problem in computer graphics. Generation of the signed distance field from the point set is a common methodology for the surface reconstruction. The reconstruction of implicit surfaces is made with the algorithm of marching cubes, but the distance field of a point set can not be processed with marching cubes because the unsigned natu...

Direct diameter observations of Cepheid variables are used to calibrate the Barnes-Evans Cepheid surface brightness relation. Fifty-nine separate Cepheid diameter measurements from four different optical interferometers are used to calculate surface brightnesses as a function of magnitude and color. The linear fit to Cepheid surface brightness versus color is in excellent agreement with functio...

Macroscopic “background” interactions, such as van der Waals and electrostatic forces, determine the frequency change in non-contact atomic force microscopy (NCAFM). We demonstrate that by analysing the distance dependence of these interactions one can extract more information about the tip radius, charge and chemical composition, as well as about the surface charging and conductivity. For this...

In her seminal article in Psychological Review, A. S. Gilinsky (1951) successfully described the relationship between physical distance (D) and perceived distance (d) with the equation d = DA/(A + D), where A = constant. To understand its theoretical underpinning, the authors of the current article capitalized on space perception mechanisms based on the ground surface to derive the distance equ...

The authors performed a cadaveric study to evaluate the efficacy of multiple fluoroscopic projections in detecting intra-articular penetration of the screws during femoral neck fracture fixation and also to determine the most suitable radiographic projection. Models of intra-articular penetration in 8 normal proximal femur specimens were created by placing the pins in different quadrants of the...

structural health monitoring of cracked structures is one of beloved subject of researchers recently. consider of crack behavior in the water and energy pipeline is important because of environmental problems. in this paper consider of crack parameters in the underwater pipe subjected to mechanical transient load is investigated. for this purpose, three- dimensional parametric model of cracked ...

vspace{0.2cm}In this paper, we design a data structure for the following problem. Let $pi$ be an $x$-monotone trajectory with $n$ vertices in the plane and $epsilon >0$. We show how to preprocess $pi$ and $epsilon$ into a data structure such that for any horizontal query segment $Q$ in the plane, one can quickly determine the minimal continuous fraction of $pi$ whose Fr{'e}chet and Hausdo...

generally, fatigue failure in an element happens at the notch on a surface where the stress level rises because of the stress concentration effect. the present paper investigates the effect of a notch on the fatigue life of the hsla100 (­high strength low alloy) steel which is widely applicable in the marine industry. tensile test was conducted on specimens and mechanical properties were obtain...