Continuum mechanics predicts that the propagation speed of non-equilibrium information in solids is limited by the longitudinal wave speed, so is crack propagation. However, solids are essentially discrete systems. In this paper, via theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, it is demonstrated in a straightforward way that nonequilibrium disturbance (e.g. force, displacement, energy, and ...

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Studies have shown that the whale shark (Rhincodon typus), a vulnerable large filter feeder, seasonally aggregates at highly productive coastal sites and that individuals can perform large, trans-boundary migrations to reach these locations. Yet, the whereabouts of the whale shark when absent from these sites and the potential oceanographic and biological drivers involved in shaping their prese...

The U.S. Northeast Continental Shelf is experiencing rapid warming, with potentially profound consequences to marine ecosystems. While satellites document multiple scales of spatial and temporal variability on the surface, our understanding of the status, trends, and drivers of the benthic environmental change remains limited. We interpolated sparse benthic temperature data along the New Englan...

The aim of this paper is to describe the dolphinfish bycatch rates in the longline fisheries of the Western Mediterranean and modelling the nominal bycatch abundance and distribution of dolphinfish from the Spanish Mediterranean as a function of technical, geographical, and seasonality factors. Our results indicate that the impact of the pelagic and semipelagic longline on the dolphinfish popul...

The results of experimental study of plasma-based mixing, ignition and flameholding in a supersonic model combustor are presented in the paper. The model combustor has a length of 600 mm and cross section of 72 mm width and 60 mm height. The fuel is directly injected into supersonic airflow (Mach number M=2, static pressure P(st)=160-250 Torr) through wall orifices. Two series of tests are focu...

When the stagnation temperature increases, the specific heat does not remain constant and start to vary with this temperature. The gas is perfect, it ’ s state equation remains always valid, except, it was called by gas calorically imperfect or gas at high temperatures. The purpose of this work is to develop a mathematical model for a normal shock wave normal at high temperature when the stagna...

Active flow control of cavity tones has been successful in controlling Rossiter tones in both subsonic and supersonic flows. While closed-loop control promises the lowest actuator power requirements and the ability to adapt to changing flow conditions, so far it has only been demonstrated on subsonic cavities. Suppression of Rossiter tones in supersonic cavities has been demonstrated using open...