Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the principal cause of urinary tract infection in women, attaches to the superficial facet cell layer of the bladder epithelium (urothelium) via its FimH adhesin. Attachment triggers exfoliation of bacteria-laden superficial facet cells, followed by rapid reconstitution of the urothelium through differentiation of underlying basal and intermediate cells. W...

Introduction: Fungi are ubiquitous in nature. Dermatophytosis is the infection of keratinized structures caused by members of the fungi of the genera Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum. Because of varied clinical presentation of dermatophytosis, and also mimics various other dermatological condition, there is a need for appropriate diagnosis and management of the condition. Materials ...

BACKGROUND Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains a first-line treatment for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Although its use is relatively safe, severe complications such as granulomatous hepatitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonitis, and sepsis occur in few patients. Complications of intravesical instillation of BCG can be local or systemic, with e...

Along with the increased frequency of implantation, the incidence of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection, which can have serious or fatal complications, has also increased. Although several successful conservative therapies for CIED infection have been reported, retained infected devices remain a source of relapse, which is closely related to a higher mortality rate. Presentl...

INTRODUCTION Primary infection of a bare metal stent is a rare condition, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Definitive treatment includes stent removal and arterial reconstruction. REPORT This study details a common iliac stent infection after re-intervention for iliac stent occlusion, complicated by pseudoaneurysm formation and septic embolisation. Potential risk factors f...

BACKGROUND Diseases produced for Candida species (spp) are called candidiasis and this includes settling, superficial infection, deep tissue invasion and haematogenic dissemination (eyes, the skin, the kidneys and the brain). The species that more usually cause candidiasis are C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. These species usually are found in the normal microbial populations of the ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of surgical site infection for open elective umbilical hernia repairs and to identify the factors related to an increased risk of infection and/or recurrence. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 152 open elective umbilical hernia repairs between 2003 and 2007 was performed. RESULTS Overall, 19% of repairs became infected. Both h...