Additional Contributions:We are indebted to themycological laboratory staff of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-senMemorial Hospital, including Li Yan Xi, MD, PhD; ChangMing Lu, MD; Sha Lu, MD, PhD; and Ying Hui Liu, MD, without whose invaluable assistance this study could not have been performed. These persons received no payment for their contributions beyond that received in the normal course...

Understanding how Earth has sustained surface liquid water throughout its history remains a key challenge, given that the Sun's luminosity was much lower in the past. Here we show that with an atmospheric composition consistent with the most recent constraints, the early Earth would have been significantly warmed by H(2)-N(2) collision-induced absorption. With two to three times the present-day...

BACKGROUND The melanoma incidence has increased over recent decades. Educational campaigns aim to encourage protection from the sun and early detection of melanoma. METHODS During a campaign in Switzerland, information on risk factors, sun protection and melanoma prevention was distributed. 10987 people completed a questionnaire regarding risk factors, and 2746 people were examined by a derma...

The present prospective study evaluated sun exposure and sun protection behaviours in patients diagnosed with a precancerous or cancerous skin lesion. Following signed informed consent, patients were given a questionnaire regarding sun protection and sun exposure behaviour. There were 50 patients (27 men, 23 women) with a mean age of 59 years. Following diagnosis of a cancerous or precancerous ...

Sun protection is not commonly perceived as an important issue by adolescents yet this behaviour would, if adopted, confer significant lifelong protection against skin cancer. Despite the world's highest skin cancer rates, Australia remains a culture which values sun seeking, tanning and outdoor activities. This qualitative study used ethnographic methods to produce insights into sun protection...