seasonal variations of climatic parameters are significant in arid and semi-arid regions and sensitivity of each parameter may differ in different seasons. no work has been done in this regard in iran. therefore, in this study, sensitivity analysis of the asce-penman-monteith grass reference evapotranspiration (eto) equation was investigated on the basis of variation of mean air temperature (tm...

This study investigates the feasibility of using a data-driven optimization approach to determine the coordinated control actions of wind turbines that maximize the total wind farm power production. Conventionally, for a given wind condition, an individual wind turbine maximizes its own power production without taking into consideration the conditions of other wind turbines. Under this greedy c...

In recent years, there has been introduction of alternative energy sources such as wind energy. However, wind speed is not constant and wind power output is proportional to the cube of the wind speed. In order to control the power output for wind power generators as accurately as possible, a method of wind speed estimation is required. In this paper, a technique considers that wind speed in the...

The value of adding adaptive blades to a variable speed turbine is studied by applying a general purpose optimization scheme to a baseline turbine configuration. The turbine is the AWT-26. Adaptive-blade effects involve elastic twist coupling tied to centrifugal and flap loadings. Two baseline variable speed approaches are examined. In the “aggressive” approach the speed control is assumed to l...

Pollination is the mechanical transfer of male pollen of a flower on the female stigma.This process has a fundamental role to survive the plants species.Since this process is invisible ,its importance has been ignored.Insufficient pollination can be harmful for the farmer instead of being useful.Pollination can be done via some ways.The most important ways are done by insects and wind.Pistachio...

abstract many people know the important effects of caspian sea winds and storms on the economy of three provinces of iran including gilan, mazandaran, and golestan that they form one exclusive and extent area which have moderate and humid climate. this paper used a synoptic climatologically approach, which combine a number of atmospheric factors. using daily and monthly winds data including the...

In wind farms, individual turbines disturb the wind field by generating wakes that influence other turbines in the farm. From a control point of view, there is an interest in dynamic optimization of the balance between fatigue and production, and an understanding of the relationship between turbines manifested through the wind field is hence required. This paper develops models for this relatio...