INTRODUCTION Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Between 700,000 and 1.2 million cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and between 200,000 and 400,000 cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which is fatal if left untreated, occur annually worldwide. Liposomal amphotericin B (LAMB), alone or in combination with other drugs, has been extensively studied as VL tre...

Postmortem proteolysis in skeletal muscle and factors affecting this process were examined in pork, lamb and beef longissimus muscles (LM) to determine the cause of differences in meat tenderness among these species. Fat thickness differed among species in the following order: pork greater than beef greater than lamb. The following patterns were observed for rate of temperature and pH decline: ...

Antifungal prophylaxis for patients at high risk for aspergillosis is appealing due to the high morbidity and mortality of aspergillosis despite antifungal therapy (1–3). While voriconazole is a logical option, reports of breakthrough mucormycosis are a cause for concern (5). To identify alternative prophylactic strategies, we utilized our novel, inhalational model of pulmonary Aspergillus fumi...

We have studied the immunological relatedness of LamB proteins from a wide range of enterobacterial species, using antibodies directed against denatured Escherichia coli K12 and Klebsiella pneumoniae LamB proteins (LamBE.c. and LamBK.p., respectively), and anti-peptide antibodies directed against 10 distinct loops of LamB from E. coli K12 predicted to protrude either side of the outer membrane....

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are caused by dietary oral exposure to infectious prion proteins (PrPSc); however, the mechanism behind the uptake of PrPSc in the intestines is poorly understood. In addition, epidemiological studies of BSE showed that most cattle are exposed to the agents in the first 6 months of life, during the suckling and weaning periods. In the present stud...

Limited literature is available about women who wish to breastfeed but experience unexpected feelings of aversion in reaction their infant suckling at the breast while breastfeeding.

Lactation in the rat is characterized by the suppression of pulsatile LH secretion, a large increase in food intake, and changes in energy balance due to the metabolic drain of milk production. The change in energy balance may be a major component in altering reproductive function. A number of factors may contribute to changing energy balance of a lactating animal; one is leptin, the product of...

Neonatal lamb mortality is a major factor affecting profitability in the sheep industry, and lamb thermogenesis is a key element in neonatal lamb survival. Increased lamb vigor has been reported when ewes were supplemented during late gestation with algae-derived docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); however, the effects of DHA on lamb thermogenesis and immunocompetence have not been investigated. Eighty...

Introduction: Cough and expiration reflex are major lower airway defense mechanisms that have not been studied throughout development in relation with the feeding behavior. Aim: To describe airway defense reflexes evoked by mechanical stimulation of the trachea in developing rabbit pups. Material and Methods: Sixty one pups were allocated to 3 groups according to their feeding behavior: sucklin...

Performance and mortality of hares were evaluated for 2 consecutive years in a large farm in Veneto Region (Northern Italy). On average, fertile reproductive pairs (n=318) gave birth 4.8 times and produced 11.4 live leverets, weaned 8.4 leverets and produced 7.0 growing hares (60 days) every year. Mean mortality was 3.6%, 22.9%, 9.7% and 2.5% in newborn (0 to 2 days of age), suckling (3 to 25 d...