the sciences of syntax, reading, and interpretation are among the literary arts that are made by clerics for understanding the word of god (kalāmollāh) from various viewpoints, and from which a collection of 30 scientific disciplines called quranic literature developed. at the top of these sciences is “using diacritical marks in quran” which is extremely important. in this area, many noted scho...

since ethics is one of the subdivisions of practical wisdom, islamic philosopher’s view point is very important in explanation of theoretical and practical reason. this paper is going to analyze the distinction between practical and theoretical reason from haeri’s point of view. in order to finding the roots of his issue, at the beginning we will propose the idea of philosophers like farabi, ib...

this paper will examine ibn sina’s theory of the conditional syllogism from a purely logical point of view, and will lay bare the principles he adopted for founding his theory, and the reason why the newly introduced part of his logic remained undeveloped and eventually was removed from the texts of logic in the later islamic tradition. as a preliminary discussion, this paper briefly examines i...

in the nineteenth century, with the rise of the literary schoolsin france and giving heed to oriental literacy and mysticalworks, the commentators and translators of ibn sina began towork on his treatises. since they knew ibn sina as anaristotelian philosopher, the following question was raised:why has aristotelian ibn sina given heed to mysticalattitudes? in response to the question whether or...