This study helps to provide a second eye to the expert radiologists for the classification of manually extracted breast masses taken from 60 digital mammıgrams. These mammograms have been acquired from Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine Hospital and have 78 masses. The diagnosis is implemented with preprocessing by using feature extraction based Fast Wavelet Transform (FWT). Afterwards Ada...

The meso/micro layered manufacturing technologies have significant implications for the design and fabrication of complex miniature structures. A laser-based additive/subtractive Rapid Manufacturing system is thus developed to build meso/micro structures. By incorporating laser microdeposition and micromachining with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser that has four harmonic wavelengths, this manufacturing s...

We study error statistics of lattice quantization with and without vector dithering. As in the scalar case, we distinguish between subtractive and nonsubtractive dithering. We derive general expressions for appropriate error statistics in both cases. In subtractive dithering , we can achieve statistical independence of the error vector from the input vector by appropriate choice of the dither v...

A color algebra refers to a system for computing sums and products of colors, analogous to additive and subtractive color mixtures. The difficulty addressed here is the fact that, because of metamerism, we cannot know with certainty the spectrum that produced a particular color solely on the basis of sensory data. Knowledge of the spectrum is not required to compute additive mixure of colors, b...

Theories of stimulus comparison were tested by examining ordinal properties of data obtained with six scaling tasks. Subjects judged simple "ratios" or "differences" of stimulus pairs constructed from a factorial design. In four additional tasks, the same judges also compared relations between pairs of stimulus pairs, judging "ratios of ratios," "ratios of differences," "differences of ratios,"...

We describe a procedure for genomic difference cloning, a method for isolating sequences present in one genomic DNA population ("tester") that is absent in another ("driver"). By subtractive hybridization, a large excess of driver is used to remove sequences common to a biotinylated tester, enriching the "target" sequences that are unique to the tester. After repeated subtractive hybridization ...

The new additive/subtractive technology (Shape Deposition Manufacturing) enhances Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) capability in producing near net-shape surface finish. This technology also builds parts in fewer layers compared with conventional layered manufacturing technology. However, to decompose a part into freeform layers usually requires expensive geometric computation. Also, to plan bu...

An arithmetical discrete plane is said to have critical connecting thickness if its thickness is equal to the infimum of the set of values that preserve its 2-connectedness. This infimum thickness can be computed thanks to the fully subtractive algorithm. This multidimensional continued fraction algorithm consists, in its linear form, in subtracting the smallest entry to the other ones. We prov...

Reviewed, accepted September 10, 2008 This paper presents methods for the rapid manufacturing of replacement bone fragments using a Subtractive Rapid Prototyping process called CNC-RP. The geometry of segmental defects in bone, resulting from traumatic injury or cancerous tumor resection, can be reverse-engineered working from medical images (such as CT scans), and then accurate defect fillers ...

Ultra wideband (UWB) propagation is antenna-dependent, and multipath components experiencing specular diffraction or arriving at different angles have different shapes. To utilise the diversity of the multipath components, this study proposes a statistical model which incorporates directional parameters, such as elevation and azimuth angles by extending the IEEE802.15.3a model. Based on this mo...