An electroactive substrate that combines dual dynamic properties is demonstrated. A monolayer is patterned to first release an immobilized ligand, and therefore adherent cells, on application of an electrical potential. Subsequently, electrical oxidation of the substrate results in immobilization of ligands, and migration of adherent cells.

Composites with excellent thermomechanical and thermochemical properties are urgently needed in the aerospace field, especially for structural applications under high-temperature conditions. Carbon fiber-reinforced Si-based composites considered most promising potential materials due to their oxidation resistance ablative behaviors, good designability, mechanical properties. The reinforcement o...