Astrocytoma is one of the most common types of brain tumor, which is histologically and clinically classified into four grades (I-IV): I (pilocytic astrocytoma), II (diffuse astrocytoma), III (anaplastic astrocytoma), and IV (glioblastoma multiforme). A higher grade astrocytoma represents a worse prognosis and is more aggressive. In this study, we compared the differential proteome profile of a...

A pool of endogenous neural progenitor cells (NPCs) found in the ependymal layer and the sub-ependymal area of the spinal cord are reported to upregulate Nestin in response to traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). These cells could potentially be manipulated within a critical time period offering an innovative approach to the repair of SCI. However, little is known about the temporal response of ...

Astrocytic tumors are the most common brain tumors with various genetic defects. As a tumor suppressor gene, Axin could control cell death and growth. Axin possesses a separate domain that directly interacts with p53 and regulates the activity of p53 pathway. Our aims were to elucidate the effects of Axin on the progression of astrocytoma. We examined the expression of Axin in 96 cases of astro...

two rare cases of extra-articular diffuse variant giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath are presented, at the elbow of a 68-year-old female and the foot of a 56-year-old male. both patients presented with a palpable masses and marginal excision was performed; histological sections confirmed the diagnosis of extra-articular giant cell tumor. no adjuvant therapy was administered. at the last foll...

this case report describes a 59-year-old woman with a giant basal cell carcinoma on the face neglected for 11 years. surgical resection of the lesion resulted in a 13 × 11 cm defect. issues regarding the adequately safe surgical margins and the management of the resultant defect through modern wound dressing technologies are discussed. keywords : giant basal cell carcinoma, modern dressing, gel...

The purpose of this report is to describe the occurrence and pathology of a spontaneous and rare brain tumor in a strain of rat commonly employed for drug and chemical safety testing. Glioblastoma multiforme is another term for “malignant astrocytoma” (Grade 3 or 4) and is characterized by cellular and nuclear hyperchromasia and pleomorphism, multinucleated giant cells and pallisading necrosis....

Cannabinoids are involved in the regulation of neural stem cell biology and their receptors are expressed in the neurogenic niches of adult rodents. In the spinal cord of rats and mice, neural stem cells can be found in the ependymal region, surrounding the central canal, but there is evidence that this region is largely different in adult humans: lacks a patent canal and presents perivascular ...

Neuronal specification occurs at the periventricular surface of the embryonic central nervous system. During early postnatal periods, radial glial cells in various ventricular zones of the brain differentiate into ependymal cells and astrocytes. However, mechanisms that drive this time- and cell-specific differentiation remain largely unknown. Here, we show that expression of the forkhead trans...

ependymomas accounts for about 2%–6% of cns and 60%–70% of spinal cord tumors. several histological patterns of these neoplasms are well known, but little attention has been devoted to a variant composed of giant cells. in spite of apparently “worrisome” histology, giant cell ependymoma seems to be a neoplasm with a relatively good prognosis. this report presents a case of giant cell ependymoma...