In the course of the European Council Directive on permissible air pollutant limit values, valid starting from 2005 there is an urgent call for action, particularly for fine dust (PM10). Current investigations (Junk & Helbig 2003, Reuter & building Mueller 2003) show that the limit values in certain places in congested areas are exceeded. Only if it is possible to located these Hot Spots purpos...

BACKGROUND This study examined the impact of transportation infrastructure at intersection and non-intersection locations on bicycling injury risk. METHODS In Vancouver and Toronto, we studied adult cyclists who were injured and treated at a hospital emergency department. A case-crossover design compared the infrastructure of injury and control sites within each injured bicyclist's route. Int...

We study the impact of global traffic light control strategies in a recently proposed cellular automaton model for vehicular traffic in city networks. The model combines basic ideas of the Biham-Middleton-Levine model for city traffic and the Nagel-Schreckenberg model for highway traffic. The city network has a simple square lattice geometry. All streets and intersections are treated equally, i...

Using mobile probes to inform and measure the effectiveness of traffic control strategies on urban networks Urban traffic congestion is a problem that plagues many cities in the United States. Testing strategies to alleviate this congestion is especially challenging due to the difficulty of modeling complex urban traffic networks. However, recent work has shown that these complicated systems ca...

Past research has shown that road users accept shorter time gaps when the waiting time/number of vehicles they let pass before attempting to merge into the traffic increases. While elderly pedestrians are known to be an extremely vulnerable group of road users, very few studies dealt with the effect of environmental constraints and crossing complexity on this population's safety. The present st...

Numerous urban field observations have been devoted to understanding the characteristics of flow and turbulence in urban street canyons. However, cities comprise complex road networks incorporating not just idealised street canyons, but realistic geometries including intersections. Street intersections are a second basic element of urban geometry that are critical in dispersion processes. They ...