where B is a real matrix with m rows and n columns, x ranges over the set of row vectors with m components, all non-negative and adding up to one, y ranges over the corresponding set of «-component column vectors, and the pay-off, (x2?, y), indicates the inner product of the two vectors xB and y. One device which may simplify a game computation is that of "dominance" or "majorization" [vNM, p. ...

This paper focuses on the specific question of how Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) address migration and its potential to enhance human development at the national level. Based on a review of PRSPs completed since 1999, it argues that migration often remains poorly recognised or analysed in poorer countries in terms of its impacts on poverty reduction, whilst attitudes towards migrati...

When probabilistic inferences have to be drawn based on cue values stored in long term memory, participants appear to use a number of different heuristics. These heuristics vary in the amount of available cue information that is retrieved and integrated, and in the degree to which cue validities are considered. One factor that is assumed to affect strategy selection is the representational form...

Growing complexity of the data and processes to be managed, as well as the transition from strict governmental regulation towards autonomy make academic institutions a significant consumer of advanced software solutions. Strategic management requires a comprehensive analysis of large data volumes from heterogeneous sources, often imprecise and incomplete. Our aim is to assist university policy-...

The paper presents an algorithm for multi-agent strategic modeling (MASM). The method applies domain knowledge and transforms sequences of basic multi-agent actions into a set of strategic action descriptions in the form of graph paths, agent actions, roles and corresponding rules. The rules, constructed by machine learning, enrich the graphical strategic patterns, which are presented in the fo...

The TAC supply-chain game presented automated trading agents with a challenging strategic problem. Embedded within a high-dimensional stochastic environment was a pivotal strategic decision about initial procurement of components. Early evidence suggested that the entrant field was headed toward a self-destructive, mutually unprofitable equilibrium. Our agent, Deep Maize, introduced a preemptiv...

Conventionally, manufacturing firms determine the time to introduce a new product to the market long before launching the product. As the rate of technological innovation increases, product life cycles become shorter, and the timing for introducing a new product becomes more important. As a result, firms need to dynamically determine the market entry timing depending on the evolution of uncerta...

In recent years, research interest and efforts in knowledge and innovation have snowballed, with significant contributions being made. This attention has led to the formation of communities such as those formed by the OKLC participants and the members of the SMS interest group on Knowledge and Innovation. While these communities have contributed significantly to our current understanding, we st...

Transnational or global partnerships and intercultural strategic alliances require organizational leaders who will proactively engage risk and establish initial trust at the earliest stage of the emerging new relationship, especially where the prospective partnership must overcome a hostile external environment in which risk is high. Recent models of trust have emphasized the importance of trus...

Strategic planning is a vital management tool for projecting the long-range business goals and is not only for big businesses, but also applicable to small businesses in spite of their limited resources. To do this effectively, organizations should determine their strengths and weaknesses. Organizations have to produce appropriate action plans to overcome these weaknesses and it is very importa...