We calculate the sub-gap density of states of a disordered single-channel normal metal connected to a superconductor at one end (NS junction) or at both ends (SNS junction). The probability distribution of the energy of a bound state (Andreev level) is broadened by disorder. In the SNS case the two-fold degeneracy of the Andreev levels is removed by disorder leading to a splitting in addition t...

This paper considers applying simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique to cooperative clustered wireless sensor networks, where energy-constrained relay nodes harvest the ambient radiofrequency (RF) signal and use the harvested energy to forward the packets from sources to destinations. To this end, we first formulate the energy-efficient cooperative transmission (...

We recommend suitable transport protocols for an aeronautical network supporting Internet and data services via satellite. We study the characteristics of an aeronautical satellite hybrid network and focus on the problems that cause dramatically degraded performance of the Transport Protocol. We discuss various extensions to standard TCP that alleviate some of these performance problems. Throug...

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. End stage disease often requires heart transplantation, which is hampered by donor organ shortage. Tissue engineering represents a promising alternative approach for cardiac repair. For the generation of artificial heart muscle tissue several cell types, scaffold materials and bioreactor designs are under investigation. In this revi...

CLINICAL/SURGICAL PEARLS: 1. Determining the highest level of supportive femoral bone is important to place the taper into this bone. An extended trochanteric osteotomy is useful for removal of the old stem and facilitates placement of a relatively straight, tapered, fluted stem down a bowed femur, thus preventing anterior perforation of the stem through the anterior cortex. The intact diaphysi...

We present electronic structure and transport calculations for hydrogen and lithium chains, using density functional theory and scattering theory on the Green's function level, to systematically study impurity effects on the transmission coefficient. To this end we address various impurity configurations. Tight-binding results allow us to interpret our the findings. We analyze under which circu...

Towards the end of the 1990s a new trend in the culture of body modification arose: tongue splitting. The result of this body modification is a tongue tip split into two parts. The present paper reports a single-case study of articulation by a subject who underwent tongue bifurcation. We find that movement direction and the tongue’s acceleration/deceleration behavior affected the degree of disp...

Objective(s): Cord blood (CB) is known as a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Identifying strategies that enhance expansion and maintain engraftment and homing capacity of HSCs can improve transplant efficiency. In this study, we examined different culture conditions on ex vivo expansion and homing capacity of CB-HSCs. Materials and Methods: In this study, 4-5 different units o...

background: lateral ridge split technique is a way to solve the problem of the width in narrow ridges with adequate height. simultaneous insertion of dental implants will considerably reduce the edentulism time. materials and methods: twenty-five patients who were managed with ridge splitting technique were enrolled. thirty-eight locations in both jaws with near equal distribution in quadrants ...

We present the universal two-loop splitting functions that describe the limits of two-loop n-point amplitudes of massless particles when two of the momenta are collinear. To derive the splitting amplitudes, we take the collinear limits of explicit two-loop four-point helicity amplitudes computed in the ’t Hooft-Veltman scheme. The g → gg splitting amplitude has recently been computed using the ...