Steelmaking slag is a by-product of steel making. It has been reused as a material for civil engineering, pavement construction etc. For such applications, it is extremely important to evaluate the amount of free lime, which has the chemical form of calcium monoxide (CaO) and can cause the failure of mechanical properties by volume expansion through absorption of water or carbon dioxide gas. So...

This paper details the effect of fiber reinforcement on mechanical characteristics by-products based one-part alkali activated material (AAM). Two different binder matrices were considered in this study, such as, plain slag, and ternary blended to understand their efficiency reinforced system. These with 1% v/v three fibers (steel, glass basalt) improve flexural performance high strength mortar...

Two liquid phases: molton metal (or alloy) and slag occur in most metallurgical systems. The slag occurring at the surface of the metal bath not only protects it against negative atmospheric effects but also enables to make many treatments necessary to achieve good quality of the material designed for shaping the casted products. In the conditions of fully controlled process (e.g. melting or re...

Water tightness of a concrete cover layer is important, as it is typically used as a protective coating of the steel reinforcement. Water tightness can be impaired by crack formation or by permeability. A bacteria-based lactate-derived healing agent (HA) can be added to concrete to enhance the potential for restoration of water tightness. Bacterial conversion of the included carbon source resul...