Here, we show that the major mosquito vector for dengue virus uses the JAK-STAT pathway to control virus infection. Dengue virus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes activates the JAK-STAT immune signaling pathway. The mosquito's susceptibility to dengue virus infection increases when the JAK-STAT pathway is suppressed through RNAi depletion of its receptor Domeless (Dome) and the Janus kinase...

BACKGROUND Although the term STAT conveys a sense of urgency, it is sometimes used to circumvent a system that may be too slow to accomplish tasks in a timely manner. We describe a quality-improvement project undertaken by a US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital to improve the STAT medication process. METHODS We adapted A3 Thinking, a problem-solving process common in Lean organizat...

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), as a multifunctional cytokine, was involved in the inflammation microenvironment of muscle regeneration. Result: In mice lack IL-6, less macrophages recruitment and decreased myoblast proliferation impairs muscle regeneration. Conclusion: In monocytes/macrophages, activation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway is critical to macrophages migration and myoblast proliferation d...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by a defective skin barrier which allows increased allergen and pathogen penetration. Loricrin (LOR) and involucrin (IVL) are proteins important for skin barrier formation and integrity. In this study, we demonstrate that the gene and protein expression of LOR and IVL is significantly decreased in involved (LOR: p<0.001; IVL: p<0.001) and uninvolved (LOR:...

We present results for heavy-light decay constants, using both propagating quarks and the static approximation, inO(a)-improved, quenched lattice QCD. At β = 6.2 on a 243×48 lattice we find fD = 185 + 4 − 3 (stat) + 42 − 7 (syst) MeV, fB = 160 + 6 − 6 + 53 − 19 MeV, fDs/fD = 1.18 + 2 − 2 and fBs/fB = 1.22 + 4 − 3 , in good agreement with earlier studies. From the static theory we obtain f stat ...

Studies have shown that cytokines released following CNS injury can affect the supportive or cytotoxic functions of microglia. Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-family cytokines are among the injury factors released. To understand how microglia respond to IL-6 family cytokines, we examined the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and IL-6 on primary cultures of rat microglia. To assess the function...

Circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-6 are elevated after myocardial infarction (MI) and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Its myocardial expression post-MI suggests a pathophysiological role in this condition. To explore the role of endogenous IL-6, we analyzed MI size, left ventricular (LV) remodeling, and mortality after permanent coronary ligation in IL6 knockout mice (IL...

Previously, we have demonstrated that STAT-3 plays a role in thrombin-induced VSMC motility. To learn more about the role of STATs in the mitogenic and chemotactic signaling events of thrombin, here we have studied the role of STAT-5. Thrombin activated STAT-5 as measured by its tyrosine phosphorylation, DNA binding, and reporter gene activity. Inhibition of STAT-5B, but not STAT-5A, by adenovi...

PURPOSE STATs activate transcription in response to numerous cytokines, controlling proliferation, gene expression, and apoptosis. Aberrant activation of STAT proteins, particularly STAT-3, is implicated in the pathogenesis of many cancers, including GBM, by promoting cell cycle progression, stimulating angiogenesis, and impairing tumor immune surveillance. Little is known about the endogenous ...