Precision agriculture is now essential in today’s world, especially for countries with limited water resources, fertile land, and enormous population. Smart irrigation systems can help efficiently utilize fresh use the excess barren lands. management platform (SWAMP) an IoT-based smart project designed efficient freshwater utilization agriculture. The primary aim of SWAMP to auto manage reserve...

S prinklers are used extensively in a variety of fire protection applications. These systems are required to perform effectively over a wide range of extremely harsh and complex operating conditions. The sprinkler performance depends on the initiation, formation, dispersion and surface cooling characteristics of the sprays created by these devices. The behaviour of sprinkler sprays is strongly ...

w « superintendents in southern Florida have been slow to realize the importance of irrigation in our area because we have what appears to be abundant rainfall. Although southern Florida receives approximately 60 inches of rainfall a year, they are unevenly spaced. We have, in reality, two arid periods: one during July and August, and the other running from November to May, when our courses rec...

This paper has the goal of exploring the possibility of using EMERGY in sustainability evaluation. A case study that compares the sustainability of two maize irrigation systems (furrow vs. solid set sprinkler, both with electric pumping) is used as the basis of the discussion. The furrow irrigation system presents a lower total EMERGY, yielding a lower transformity. The main reason is the lower...

Improving our knowledge on the relative contribution of irrigation water, precipitation, and groundwater to tree transpiration is necessary for an efficient sustainable use water resources in agriculture. For this purpose, we applied deuterium (2H) enriched trace uptake by apple trees under field pot conditions. 2H-enriched was supplied Alpine valley mimicking sprinkler irrigation. Labeled infi...

Performance based methodologies are becoming increasingly common in fire safety due to the inability of prescriptive codes to account for every architectural feature. Fire Sprinkler suppression systems have long been used to provide property protection and enhance life safety. However, very few methodologies exist to account for the impact of sprinkler sprays on fire scenarios. Current methods ...

To effectively tackle the issue of increasing irrigation water scarcity, farmers need to convert modern systems with lower use while achieving higher yields and profitability. Unlike government support cover a proportion modernizing costs by public subsidies in Iran, adoption rate is low. This due farmers' uncertainty about trade-off between benefits from yield improvement added production cost...