Proper distribution of operations among parallel processors in a large scientiic computation executed on a distributed-memory machine can signiicantly reduce the total computation time. In this paper we propose an operation, called simultaneous parallel reduction(SPR), that is amenable to such optimization. SPR performs reduction operations in parallel, each operation reducing a one-dimensional...

We demonstrate an affordable low-noise surface plasmon resonance (SPR) instrument based on extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) in metallic nanohole arrays and quantify a broad range of antibody-ligand binding kinetics with equilibrium dissociation constants ranging from 200 pM to 40 nM. This nanohole-based SPR instrument is straightforward to construct, align, and operate, since it is buil...

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors have been recognized as a useful tool and widely used for real-time dynamic analysis of molecular binding affinity because of its high sensitivity to the change of the refractive index of tested objects. The conventional methods in molecular biology to evaluate cell differentiation require cell lysis or fixation, which make investigation in live cells ...

Here we report a simple and scalable soft-lithography-based templating technology for fabricating Au-covered oxide (titania and zirconia) gratings by using DVDs as a structural template. The resulting plasmonic gratings simultaneously exhibit very high surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensitivity (up to ∼940 nm per refractive index unit, nm per RIU) and figure of merit (FOM, up to 62.5). The eff...

The subtree prune and regraft distance (d(SPR)) between phylogenetic trees is important both as a general means of comparing phylogenetic tree topologies as well as a measure of lateral gene transfer (LGT). Although there has been extensive study on the computation of d(SPR) and similar metrics between rooted trees, much less is known about SPR distances for unrooted trees, which often arise in...

The substance P receptor (SPR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a key role in pain regulation. The SPR desensitizes in the continued presence of agonist, presumably via mechanisms that implicate G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and beta-arrestins. The temporal relationship of these proposed biochemical events has never been established for any GPCR other than rhodopsin...

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a powerful technique for monitoring the affinity and selectivity of biomolecular interactions. SPR allows for analysis of association and dissociation rate constants and modeling of biomolecular interaction kinetics, as well as for equilibrium binding analysis and ligand specificity studies. SPR has received much use and improved precision in classifying prote...

Aim. Callus is a risk factor, leading to severe diabetic foot ulcer; thus, prevention of callus formation is important. However, normal stress (pressure) and shear stress associated with callus have not been clarified. Additionally, as new valuables, a shear stress-normal stress (pressure) ratio (SPR) was examined. The purpose was to clarify the external force associated with callus formation i...

a total of 332 birds including 149 sparrows, 147 doves and 36 pigeons were examined for toxoplasma infection by both direct agglutination for detecting antibodies to toxoplasma and direct parasitological test to detect the cyst of toxoplasma in the brain of birds. the toxoplasma sero-positive rate (spr) in the examined birds was 10.5 percent (27 cases) with titers of 1:40 or higher and spr in e...