introduction: since organophosphorus compounds (op) are toxic and designed to destroy insects and pest species, there are many hazards associated with their use. although, the main target site of these compounds is acetylcholinesterase (ache), however it has become increasingly evident that ops have also other direct effects on cellular processes. in the present study, the effects of low concen...

background: infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the causative agent of avian infectious bronchitis, which is characterized by respiratory, reproductive, and renal signs. ibv is a highly variable virus with a large number of genotypes. s1 gene sequencing has been used for molecular epidemiological studies and genotypic characterization of ibv. objective: to better understand the molecular epide...

February 2009 Version 10 EEG SHARP ACTIVITY: MORPHOLOGICAL, NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES Spike/sharp waves, morphological features: The spike/sharp wave activity are hypersynchronous discharge pattern of large amount of epileptic neuronal aggregates. Spike A spike is a pointed peak transient clearly distinguished from the ongoing EEG activity. The distinction between the spike an...

Feature selectivity is a fundamental property of sensory cortex neurons, yet the mechanisms underlying its genesis are not fully understood. Using intracellular recordings in vivo from layers 2-6 of rat barrel cortex, we studied the selectivity of neurons to the angular direction of whisker deflection. The spike output and the underlying synaptic response decreased exponentially in magnitude as...

To any model of brain function, the variability of neuronal spike firing is a problem that needs to be taken into account. Whereas the synaptic integration can be described in terms of the original Hodgkin-Huxley (H-H) formulations of conductance-based electrical signaling, the transformation of the resulting membrane potential into patterns of spike output is subjected to stochasticity that ma...

Our signal processing pipeline extracts two types of information from each electrode at 50Hz: a continuous signal (spike power) that gives the amount of power in the spike frequency range (Homer et al., 2013) and a discrete spike count (Masse et al., 2014). The models we present focus on continuous emissions and only use the spike power signal. In our offline comparisons, we did not use feature...

to study the yield and change the attributes associated with it, the field experiments were conducted at the gorgan university of agricultural sciences research farm, gorgan, iran in the growing seasons of 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 under well-watered conditions. the 16 cultivars were sown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. the results showed that during breeding activi...

in order to study the realationship between genetic diversity and different characteristics associated with grain yield in barley, 28 genotypes of barley cultivars contain seven cultivars and 21 hybrids were evaluated in randomized complete block (rcb) design with three replications. cultivars were valfajr, makuei, kavir, rayhan, gorgan, nusrat and nimroz. this study was carried out in research...

Objective Spike foci in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) are related to seizure semiologies, but this relationship is inconspicuous in Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS). We analyzed spike-associated high-frequency activity (HFA) and its relationship to spike foci in the electroencephalograms (EEGs) of patients with BECTS and PS in order to elucidate the pathophysiology of these ep...