identification and analysis of farmers’ vulnerability associated with their risk aversion degree is one of the necessary requirements for planning and reducing impacts of drought in iran. so, this study was investigated three risk vulnerability parameters (economic, social and technical) among wheat farmers categorized in accordance with their risk aversion degree in the mashhad county (iran) b...

according to studies by 2050 more than 15 percent of world people, most of them are in the middle east and africa will experience severe water crisis. future water crisis is one of the most potential for international conflict and security challenges that have the potential to become a major international crisis. iran as a country with abundant water stress and is located in the critical region...

abstract water pricing is a policy instrument for improving water efficiency, reducing water demand, management of the irrigation systems and recovering costs. the underlying principle of water pricing is that it should reflect the opportunity cost of water. in this study, parametric mathematical programming approache were used to estimate the willingness of farmers to pay for groundwater under...

Water deficit is a serious environmental factor limiting the growth and productivity of plants worldwide. Improvement of drought tolerance and efficient water use are significant strategies to overcome this dilemma. In this study, a drought-responsive transcription factor, nuclear factor Y subunit B 7 (PdNF-YB7), induced by osmotic stress (PEG6000) and abscisic acid, was isolated from fast-grow...

Although drought is a normal, recurring feature of climate, little progress has been made in drought management in most parts of the world. The progress in drought planning that has been achieved in some countries and regions can be useful for other drought-prone regions. In this paper, a drought planning process, originally developed in 1991 for state-level government in the United States, is ...

Inappropriate water governance, which has been known as a variable to explain the water crisis in many parts of the world, needs to examine the institutional structures and required reforms. In the present study, the effectiveness and possibility of applying of five rural local organizations, as intermediate organizations for water resources protection in Anar and Rafsanjan areas, Kerman provin...

the extension of the modern irrigation systems (mis) has been considered as one of the mechanisms for increasing irrigation water use efficiency since 1990s in zanjan province. the main purpose followed in this descriptive - correlational study was to examine the factors influencing farmers’ adoption of mis in zanjan and khodabande townships of the province through a survey, making use of a str...