The temporal trajectories of the spectral energy in auditory critical bands over 250 ms segments are approximated by an all-pole model, the time-domain dual of conventional linear prediction. This quarter-second auditory spectro-temporal pattern is further smoothed by iterative alternation of spectral and temporal all-pole modeling. Just as Perceptual Linear Prediction (PLP) uses an autoregress...

Taking advantage of a historical quasi-experiment in Sri Lanka, this paper provides evidence on the effects of land market restrictions on equilibrium wage and its spatial pattern. For identification, we exploit the effects of historical malaria prevalence on the incidence of land restrictions through the availability of ‘crown land’. The results show that there is important spatial heterogenei...

The regeneration of forest resources is one of the main objectives of modern forest management. The present book is based on my personal PhD thesis and aims to identify detailed features of the regeneration process and the characteristics of sapling interaction. The research involved evaluation of regeneration structure, dimensional differentiation of saplings, spatial pattern analysis - saplin...

Aim To examine the trends of 1982–2003 satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values at several spatial scales within tundra and boreal forest areas of Alaska. Location Arctic and subarctic Alaska. Methods Annual maximum NDVI data from the twice monthly Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) NDVI 1982–2003 data set with 64-km 2 pixels were extracted from...

Rural industrial development in Beijing suburban area has experienced a rapid growth since economic reforms. The spatial pattern of rural industrial development has been influenced by location factors that reflect market forces and government policies. Using GIS, this paper reveals an unbalanced spatial pattern of rural industrial development, and analyzes relationship between rural industrial ...

The urban stream syndrome may not be limited to streams in urbanized watersheds. We measured the spatial pattern of impervious cover in ∼82,800 small watersheds across the conterminous United States by comparing watershed-based and stream-based measures of imperviousness. The watershed-based measure was the commonly used watershed percentage impervious cover. The stream-based measure was the pe...

Soil nutrients in arid systems are supplied to plants in brief pulses following precipitation inputs. While these resource dynamics have been well documented, little is known about how this temporal heterogeneity inXuences competitive interactions. We examined the impacts of the temporal pattern of N supply on competitive intensity and ability in an N-limited desert shrub community. At our Weld...

Evapotranspiration (ET) plays a key role in water resource management. It is important to understand the ET spatio-temporal pattern of South Asia for understanding and anticipating serious water resource shortages. In this study, daily ET in 2008 was estimated over South Asia by using MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products combined with field observations and Global Land...

Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) is a phenomenon of high spatial and temporal variability. However, studies that investigate urban land surface temperature (LST) observed in different seasons frequently utilize a single satellite measurement and do not incorporate temporal composites. Temporally aggregated data increase clear sky coverage, which is important in many aspects of urban climatology...

Some authors have hypothesized that the observed self-synchronized activity in ant colonies provides some adaptive advantages, and, in particular, it has been suggested that task realization may beneet from this ordered temporal pattern of behavior (Robinson, 1992; Hatcher et al., 1992). In this paper we use a model of self-synchronized activity (the Fluid Neural Network) to suggest that with s...