in this paper, nonlinear adjustments and price transmission mechanism between the two levels of wholesale and retail for the egg market has been examined under the threshold vector error correction model (tvecm) framework using hansen and seo (2002)’s two-regimes). the unit root test showed that both wholesale and retail egg price series were integrated of order one . the johansen co-integratio...

Analysis of spatial panel data is of great importance and interest in spatial econometrics. Here we consider cigarette demand in a spatial panel of 46 states of the US over a 30-year period. We construct a demand equation to examine the elasticity of per pack cigarette price and per capita disposable income. The existing spatial panel models account for both spatial autocorrelation and state-wi...

In this paper we present a centralized model for managing, at the same time, the dayahead energy market and the reserve market in order to price through the market, beside energy, the overall cost of reliability and to assure that the power grid survives the failure of any single components, so to avoid extended blackouts. The model addresses, also, the very important point of long-term market ...