A velocity selector is described which is designed for measurement of the total collision cross section of electrons in the energy region below one volt. The system determines the distributions of times of flight of single electrons over a measured path at selected pressures of a specimen gas. The electrons are generated by repetitive illumination of a photo-emitter by a spark gap, pass over a ...

The photonic band structure and transmission properties of Sierpinski fractal networks ~SNs! made of one-dimensional waveguides are studied with the generalized eigenfunction method. In the absence or presence of dissipation and in different exit situations, we have numerically calculated the transmission coefficient as a function of frequency in the range 0–500 MHz for the first four generatio...

This paper deals with highlighting the improvisations in the working of a two-wheeled four stroke internal combustion engines. The efficiency of these small engines were enhanced with increased power output just by increasing the number of fuel igniting element i.e. Spark Plug. Conventional engines employed a single spark plug in its engine for igniting the mixture of fuel and air. But to have ...

The ef®ciencies of methods employed in solution of building simulation models are considered and compared by means of benchmark testing. Direct comparisons between the Simulation Problem Analysis and Research Kernel (SPARK) and the HVACSIM‡ programs are presented, as are results for SPARK versus conventional and sparse matrix methods. An indirect comparison between SPARK and the IDA program is ...

Most points-to analysis research has been done on different systems by different groups, making it difficult to compare results, and to understand interactions between individual factors each group studied. Furthermore, points-to analysis for Java has been studied much less thoroughly than for C, and the tradeoffs appear very different. We introduce SPARK, a flexible framework for experimenting...

Spark-assisted homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion may be a method to improve the operation of HCCI engines. In the current study, the impact of spark assist on the fundamental properties of ignition and combustion was investigated in a single cylinder, optically-accessible research engine. Early port fuel injection and air preheating were used with indolene fuel in the st...

Nanotechnology offers the promise of harnessing quantum properties not available in bulk phase. These desirable are highly dependent on size and composition. Generators that control these variables therefore essential for progress field. The spark discharge generator (SDG) is an outstanding aerosol route nanoparticle synthesis, which stands out due to its fast kinetics, scalability, high purity...

Apache Spark is an execution engine that besides working as an isolated distributed, in-memory computing engine also offers close integration with Hadoop’s distributed file system (HDFS). Apache Spark's underlying appeal is in providing a unified framework to create sophisticated applications involving workloads. It unifies multiple workloads, handles unstructured data very well and has easy-to...

A lightning surge generator generates a high-voltage surge with a 1.2μs rise time. The generator fed a spark gap of two pointed electrodes at 0.7 to 1.2 m distances. Gap breakdown occurred between 0.1 and 3μs after the maximum generator voltage of approximately 850 kV. Various scintillator detectors with different response times recorded bursts of hard radiation in nearly all surges. The bursts...